A renewal of old industrial enterprises of the 19–20th centuries are of key importance for Russia at the beginning of the 21st century, when it is necessary to develop the economy, domestic production, unique architectural environment of historical cities, preserve the cultural heritage, increase employment and develop the economic independence of the country as a whole. These issues are being gradually resolved, and architecture and urban planning cannot stand on the sidelines. The article presents restoration of enterprises and surrounding areas, design projects for residential buildings for factory workers in Orekhovo-Zuyevo.

Purpose: The study of the history of the architecture of industrial and residential buildings in Orekhovo-Zuyevo.

Methodology: The analysis of urban environment architecture in the historical industrial city, architecture of industrial complexes and creation of a new urban environment. 

Research findings: Restoration is proposed for weaving factories and changes in the residential environment of the city, implementing the principles of preserving its uniqueness, artistic image, and historical identity. Elements of the urban environment need to be restored and include new elements matching the environment. 

Originality: In addition to the historical analysis, project proposals are created. During the creation of project proposals, prerequisites are created for the emergence of such projects for the renewal of old enterprises and creation of a comfortable urban environment.

The article is devoted to one of the most famous projects of multi-storey residential buildings made in the traditions of functionalism and brutalism by S.-E. Jeanneret-Gree (Le Corbusier), a French architect. The authors analyze the main architectural and design concepts of Charles-Edouard, embedded in the general proportioning system, floor plans, facades and interiors of residential cells of this unusual building. 

The article identifies the principles of street architecture as an integral, fundamental part of the formation of the modern cities, studying the city of Murmansk as an example.

The relevance of research lies in the fact that the architectural image formation of streets in Murmansk is part of a large development mechanism of the city as a whole. This topic is becoming the most relevant and important today. Issues and tasks aimed at shaping the distinctive architectural appearance of the city always require detailed elaboration and the development of non-standard solutions.

Purpose: The development of the methodological approach to design activities in the architectural field and the study of facades in difficult climatic conditions as part of the imaginative development of urban space.

Methodology: The deductive solution based on the construction of conceptual relationships. This method allows to understand the sequence of the general to the particular. The comparative analysis of the urban environment and architectural image of streets in Murmansk.

Research findings: The architectural image of several streets of the city are studied; modifications are proposed to reform and improve the urban layout.

Value: The integrated approach is used to create not only a comfortable urban environment, but also its aesthetic design.

The comfortable living environment is a relevant and important task. This study helps to determine which districts in Novosibirsk have the most comfortable living conditions, and which of them require improvement of the infrastructure and reconstruction.

Purpose: The comprehensive analysis of comfortable living conditions in Novosibirsk districts based on the availability of social and cultural services (educational, upbringing, recreational, health care, shopping and entertainment, transport hubs, cultural and sports facilities) and accessibility of these facilities today and in the future (taking into account planning projects), the architectural environment of districts, including an accessible environment for people with disabilities, as well as the quality and representativeness of landscaping.

Methodology: The terminological, chronological and cartographic analysis of districts in Novosibirsk in the period from 1893 to 2019. The analysis of the availability of social and cultural services, such as educational, upbringing, recreation, healthcare, culture and sports facilities, shopping and entertainment and transport infrastructure facilities: transport hubs and accessibility of these facilities. The analysis of comfortable living conditions in the district with respect to the improvement and percentage of landscaping.

Research findings: Assessment criteria for the comfort of districts in Novosibirsk are identified, and districts are ranked by the most comfortable living. 

Value: The assessment and ranking of Novosibirsk districts for compliance with the comfort living.

The paper considers examples of port facility conversion in New York. In many historical cities, this problem is extremely relevant. The construction of industrial enterprises in the 19th and early 20th centuries, their attraction to water resources, result from unused storage zones and port infrastructure in coastal areas. These territories have currently degrading characteristics. On the other hand, former industrial enterprises are an integral part of historical cities.

Purpose: The study of the experience of converting the port infrastructure in New York.

Methodology: Integrated approach, including studying the issues of port infrastructure conversion; industrial facilities locating on coastal territories; multidimensional analysis of implemented design solutions for port infrastructure transformation; functional and planning of port infrastructure.

Research findings: Identification of prerequisites for the formation of port and warehouse infrastructure in New York; current problems of historical environment areas; the territory potential for transformation; examples of port infrastructure conversion for modern use. These territories have significant prospects for the city development, and their profiling contributes to the creation of new jobs and an increase in the budget of historical cities. The article formulates the conversion principles of such objects, which can be applied to other historical cities.

The article discusses the urban planning concept of memorials. The main principles of the memorial formation are analyzed, including architecture and planning, composition and artistry, landscape and construction.

The article substantiates the necessity and relevance of preserving the memory of the Great Patriotic War, heroism of soldiers. The presented key principles of architectural, constructive, landscape solutions of memorials, are based on the composition, landscape and recreation of urban situations.

The article considers the urban planning of modern memorials dedicated to the feat of the military, participants and heroes in the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet–Afghan War, special military operation in Ukraine. The attitude towards the conceptual and semantic paradigm of monuments and memorials is currently changing. The location of memorials in the urban structure, the size and shape of the site, accessibility of the territory, emotional and visual perception, interaction with the landscape, are important aspects of the architectural image formation. All this requires the analysis and rethinking of the socio-economic development.

Purpose: Identification of fundamental principles of memorial construction with respect to the urban planning structure, natural environment and especially adjacent buildings.

Methodology: The article highlights the landscape organization of memorials. The importance of the conceptual artistic approach to the landscape design is noted as well as the importance of choosing plants. Examples are given for the selection of color, texture and lighting techniques. The landscape solution of the memorial infrastructure is based on nuance and contrast. The monument inclusion in the landscape structure determines its style in the general plan. The concept of setting the memorial in contrast to surroundings provides for the use of a regular planning structure.

Research findings: Memorials are considered as a special type of public infrastructure in the urban environment. Today, public spaces are considered as conceptual multi-functional formations reflecting the main trends and changes in all spheres of life. Both urban planning techniques and formation principles of memorials require a conceptual solution. The article presents the fundamental principles of architectural and spatial solutions of memorials and the urban planning concept.

The problem of building security in the case of different terrorist acts, including drone attacks, is rather relevant today. The article considers the architectural protection of facades and external building elements from this threat as well as building volume-planning structure to ensure the maximum protection of people in buildings. This problem is especially important to strike a balance between actual and perceived security, not designing a medieval fortress, but taking possible risks and terrorist threats into account.

Methodology: Investigation of existing risks and threats to buildings and people in them during an attack, comparative analysis of regulatory documents on anti-terrorist protection in Russia and abroad, the analysis of existing building protection techniques through the architecture and environmental design and their systematization based on the structural-typological method.

Research findings: Comparative tables based on the materials reviewed. Analytical materials include the building model description and architectural tools used to protect buildings.

Value: Indicates is the importance of safety requirements at all stages of the building life cycle, from design to operation and possible renovation to meet the increased protection requirements.

Co-working space combines open and enclosed spaces in which various activities of residents are carried out. Open and enclosed co-workings influence the formation of the environment and conditions for a certain activity (each activity has its own space). Today, the ratio between open and enclosed spaces is relevant in terms of spatial solutions (open and enclosed spaces) and affect the efficiency of the economic activity of people. Based on the analysis of open and enclosed co-working spaces, their functional purpose, operation and spatial planning solutions, this paper studies the interaction and intersection of spatial structures of open and enclosed spaces. The study includes planning components of various co-working spaces: integrity, mutual arrangement, functional connections, dominance. The analysis of these components is the basis of systematization of possible connections between open and enclosed spaces. Functional-spatial structures of open and enclosed co-workings are presented together with transitional stages between them.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to systematize the types of connections of open and closed spaces with each other.

Research findings: Functional-spatial structures are proposed for co-working spaces from open to closed type with transitional stages between them.

Purpose: Identification of the evolution stages of engineering improvement of urban streets in the Siberian region in the 17th and early 20th centuries, namely in Omsk, Tomsk, Biysk regions.

Methodology: The chronological analysis of the development of cities starting from their foundation up to the events of the World War I and the subsequent Revolution in 1917. Comprehensive and analytical approaches, systematization of archival document and cartographic materials.

Research findings: The main development trends of cities, factors that influence the expansion of urban areas, and the increase in population are identified. The key stages of engineering improvement development are defined. The main streets subjected to comprehensive improvement are identified, land reclamation measures in the conditions of weak soils are considered.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to calculate the admissible allocation of new technological equipment with reliable metal frame in reinforced-concrete area with cast-in-situ walls and foundation slab on earth foundation.

Methodology/approach: The stress-strain state of structures and earth foundation of the manufacturing site is performed by the finite element method using the verified software package Ing+ 2021 MicroFe and proposed finite element model. Static analysis of loads, dynamic analysis of the vibratory screen, joint analysis of static and dynamic loads.

Research findings: It is found that under new dynamic load from the vibratory screen, FEM is performed with consideration of damping properties of the structural materials and soil as well as dynamic properties of the latter. It is shown that strength/stability and rigidity of metal structures is ensured for the frame at the installation of the vibratory screen.

Enclosing structures of buildings constantly change external thermal conditions, which leads to changes in the internal thermal microclimate of premises, which must be taken into account when designing thermal protection of buildings and engineering systems for heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Building envelopes contain ventilated facades and/or roofs with a ventilated gap. In most known research results and calculation methods of the heat transfer through structures is not fully and accurately taken into account due to the complexity of its mechanism, non-stationary external thermal effects. The reason is the low efficiency and accuracy of calculation methods.

Purpose: The creation of the effective physical and mathematical model that allows calculating non-steady heat transfer through wall enclosures and coatings containing light facades with a ventilated gap.

Methodology: A combined analytical and numerical model is proposed for the heat transfer through wall enclosing structures and coatings containing a ventilated facade. The model includes an iterative calculation of non-stationary heat transfer in a ventilated gap using balance equations of non-stationary heat in a ventilated layer, taking into account the finite-difference detailed calculation of non-stationary heat transfer in the enclosing structure.

Research findings: Based on the proposed model, good agreement is shown for experimental data and theoretical calculations. For the model testing, the heat gain into the room through a light ventilated facade and in its absence are considered. It is shown that in summer, the ventilated facade allows for a significant heat reduction in the room, despite an insignificant change in the heat transfer resistance.

Problem statement: Surface flow contamination with man-made impurities and increase in their concentration in wastewater and accumulation in open water sources.

Purpose: Systematization and generalization of surface flow treatment methods in urbanized areas, their effectiveness evaluation.

Methodology: The comparative analysis of the quality of surface flow treatment in various ways: filtering, local treatment plants, biological treatment (bioengineering facilities).

Research findings: Assessment of the quality of surface flow treatment using sanitary facilities and analysis of operational frequency; Russian and international experience in using bioengineering structures, taking into account temperature parameters and soil; selection of woody and shrubby vegetation with a high degree of surface flow treatment and a wide vegetation area in the Russian Federation; bioengineering structures used on difficult terrain of Novosibirsk, Gusinobrodsky highway and Lazurnaya Street.

Value: Data structuring of surface flow treatment. Application of bioengineering facilities based on the Russia and world experience. Development of the ecological passport of woody and shrubby vegetation for rain and meltwater treatment.

Biological resistance of wood construction materials is one of the most important issues. Most often, specialized impregnations or coatings are used to protect wood from adverse factors. But the service life and operation conditions of impregnations and coatings are limited. As an alternative, it is proposed to treat the wood surface with low-temperature plasma.

Purpose: The surface treatment of pine wood products by low-temperature plasma and its effect on the biological resistance of treated products. The intensity of the fungi development on the product surface is investigated herein.

Research findings: The low-temperature plasma improves the biological resistance of pine wood products. The intensity of fungi development on the plasma-treated surface is lower than on the surface of un-treated wood and treated with specialized protective coating.

Technical requirements for investment and construction projects are increasing, and work distribution among numerous participants is highly fragmented. This results in construction projects carried out with unreliable schedules, cost overruns and defects arising from the lack of coordination on the construction site. Lean construction management and building information modeling are possible solutions to these problems. The conceptual analysis of lean construction and building information modeling points to significant synergies between them, but they are often considered separate technologies and provide only partial benefits when applied independently. 

Purpose: The development of practical methods of using 4D modelling together with lean construction methods to reduce non-productive losses and construction time.

Research findings: Case studies show that the use of building information modeling with lean construction improves the planning efficiency. This approach provides a clear visualization of the work status on a 3D model and combines multiple sources of information to create a truly integrated system. The paper presents how a combination of lean construction and building information modeling can be applied in practice.

Multi-criteria prediction of the service reliability of load-bearing elements based on the application of mechanical and energetic criteria and theory of catastrophes, determines the relevance of the study. Multi-criteria prediction of the service reliability of load-bearing elements of bridge spans is an expansion of understanding and use of elements of catastrophe theory based on mechanical and energy criteria. 

Purpose: The aim of this work is to consider multi-criteria prediction of the service reliability of bridge structures in thermodynamic state and adaptability of the material, elements and structures as a whole during a long operational period. 

Research findings: Control parameters of the reliability forecasting process are determined based on equilibrium states, characterized and accompanying the instantaneousness of the deformation-catastrophic process.

Despite measures taken to improve the quality of design, construction and operation of bridge structures, failures in the structural elements of bridges do not decrease. This is largely due to the intensified traffic flow and aggressive effect of chemically-active atmospheric gases and deicing materials on structural materials. However, regulatory documents on the road and bridge design do not take these factors into account to justify their reliability and durability and suggest to use safety margin coefficients based on retrospective statistical data on traffic and bridge operation. The result is a contradiction between ensuring the bridge safety and scientific and methodological base for solving these issues. It is thus necessary to develop a method for predicting the bridge reliability, which takes into account the joint operation of its structural elements, stochastic nature, dynamic parameters of traffic flow, and a destructive effect of aggressive environment on the bridge during its service life.

Purpose: The development of a methodological approach to the assessment and prediction of reliability indicators of reinforced concrete bridge spans.

Methodology: The proposed method to determine reliability indicators of bridge spans is based on the mathematical apparatus for structural reliability functions of complex systems, determining the diffusion of liquids and gases and simulating the span operation.

Research findings: The distribution density functions of superstructures obtained during the method implementation, taking into account the stochastic nature of the composition and intensity of traffic, technological processes of construction, maintenance of bridge structures and materials used, natural and climatic factors, allow to predict the duration of the inter-repair service of bridges, develop organizational, technical and constructive solutions to improve the bridge safety.

The paper studies a prefabricated bituminous slab on elastic half-space having inertia when operating at live loads.

Purpose: The building mechanics problem is solved for the prefabricated bituminous slab as a structural element of roadway with the detection of displacements of elastic half-space, partial slab detachment from the base and parasitic oscillations. 

Research findings: An attempt is made to provide the accurate strength analysis of the prefabricated bituminous slab.

Practical implications: A mathematical calculation apparatus is presented for the contact of a temporary automobile load with the bituminous slab, depending on the boundary conditions of elastic half-space.