This article substantiates the relevance of research into institutionalized dwelling for students, where residential functions are integrated with educational, social, and leisure activities. The article notes the value of the 21st-century international experience for the development of this type of dwelling.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to identify the architecture, planning, and types of social infrastructure in institutionalized dwelling for students based on the analysis of the 21st-century international experience.

Methodology: The integrated approach to the study utilizes comparative, architectural and planning, and socio-functional analysis. Six completed student housing projects in Switzerland, Slovenia, the USA, Germany, and India (2006–2023) are examined.

Research findings: The analysis identifies three types of the public space organization: horizontal foundations (integration of functions at lower levels), vertical communication cores, and hybrid models. Three types of residential units are identified (communal apartments, individual apartments with minimal floor area, and hybrid models), as well as key architectural techniques that facilitate the social interaction, including the creation of "bridges" that provide horizontal connections–multifunctional zones that unite public spaces.

Practical implication: The identified types have practical significance and can be adapted for the development of similar projects in Russia.

Value: It is shown that the key design principle of modern institutionalized dwelling for students is the creation of a multifunctional environment that integrates residential, educational, and leisure functions into a single spatial structure. This integration is proven to meet a significant portion of student needs within the campus.

The relevance of the study is driven by mental health issues in the society. Consequently, there is a growing need for spaces that promote stress reduction, improved cognitive function, and emotional regulation.

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to formulate architectural design principles for a psychological and emotional health center.

Methodology: The structural and architectural-urban analysis, the literature review, systematizing and classifying the data obtained.

Research findings: Criteria are identified for selection and subsequent analysis of the architectural space of medical rehabilitation and cultural and leisure centers. Based on the analysis of 12 architectural objects, design principles are formulated for modern psychological and emotional health centers. Particular attention is paid to the therapeutic environment and mechanisms of its influence on the psychoemotional state of a person. Architecture is considered as an active tool for creating a comfortable and safe space that promotes the restoration of mental well-being.

The relevance of the study is due to the poorly urban development of provincial cities in Russia during the eclectic period. The formation of functional zones of the urban environment under the influence of industrial development is shown for Yurievets. The analysis of the industrial architecture, public buildings and residential buildings shows the specifics of adapting Russian architectural trends to local conditions and highlights the value of the historical and industrial heritage of small towns.

Purpose: The analysis of the architectural and planning development in Yurievets during the eclectic period as an integral urban biography influenced by the industrial growth and socioeconomic transformations of the post-reform era.

Research findings: It is shown that the urban development of Yurievets during the eclectic period is determined by a transition to the regular plan of 1875, which consolidated the linear structure along the Volga. The formation of the industrial city by brick-style objects (Mindovsky and Katyushin factories) is revealed. The role of architect M.N. Cherkassky in the creation of a social and educational center is substantiated. The building development from temporary fairs to stone rows is traced with the integration of eclecticism and Art Nouveau techniques into the wooden architecture.

Value: The architecture of Yurievets in the 19–20th centuries is influenced by the economic growth, which determines the functional zoning and flourishing of the brick style. The city develops as a harmonious organism that combines industry and social infrastructure. The study confirms the need for restoration of preserved objects as carriers of historical memory and a unique synthesis of styles.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to reconstruct and analyze the evolution of settlement in the Ob-Irtysh basin late in the 17th and early 20th centuries.

Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is based on a comparative analysis and geoinformation referencing of four groups of historical sources: maps by S.U. Remezov (1697–1711), travel descriptions by G.F. Miller (1730s–1740s), ordnance survey documents (late 18th early 19th centuries), and maps of the Ministry of Transport (late 19th early 20th centuries).

Research findings: Quantitative and typological characteristics of the settlement network for four chronological periods are reconstructed. According to Remezov, the total number of recorded settlements decreases from 561 to 332 (by the end of the 19th century), reflecting a qualitative restructuring, rather than depopulation. The proportion of Russian settlements fluctuates between 55 and 65 %, and that of indigenous settlements between 35 and 45%, demonstrating a stable ethnic balance. The evolution of hierarchy is traced through the village (selo): hamlet (derevnya) ratio, which changes from 1:43 at the beginning of the 18th century to 1:3 at the end of the 19th century, indicating the formation of a mature two-level settlement structure.

Originality/value: Over two centuries, the settlement system evolved from the primary, point-based development, recorded in Remezov's fractional data, to the creation of a stable, hierarchically organized structure, legally formalized during the ordnance survey and rigidly tied to the water transport infrastructure by the end of the 19th century.

Relevance: The study is relevant because the analysis of the historical evolution of landscaping and urban improvement standards makes it possible to identify sustainable effective principles (zoning, priority of green spaces, infrastructure development) for addressing contemporary urban planning challenges. Examining the transition from local regulations to the SNiP system helps to understand the current model of urban environment regulation. The work is of particular importance for Novosibirsk and other Siberian cities, where standard solutions have often ignored local conditions. The results can be applied in the development of new regulations and the reconstruction of urban areas.

The article examines the evolution of the regulatory framework in the field of landscaping and landscaping of urban areas using the example of Novosibirsk (Novonikolaevsk) from the end of the 19th century to the 1980s. Changes in approaches to planning, landscaping, pedestrian and transport zones, as well as sanitary protection gaps in industrial, public and residential areas are being considered. Special attention is paid to the development of a system of regulatory documents, from local regulations to comprehensive building codes

Purpose: To conduct a historical analysis of the regulatory requirements for the improvement of urban areas and identify the main stages of their development, principles and trends that have shaped the modern system of urban planning regulation.

Methodology: The study uses historical and comparative analysis of regulatory documents, temporal analysis, systematization of data by stages of development of the regulatory framework, and analysis of archival materials and legislative acts.

Research findings: the key stages of the evolution of landscaping standards were identified, and the main principles that have remained unchanged throughout the period (zoning, priority for green spaces, and infrastructure development) were determined. The transition from advisory rules to a detailed system of norms that ensure the creation of a safe, environmentally sustainable, and comfortable urban environment was demonstrated. Conclusions were formulated about the development of a modern model of urban planning regulation.

The relevance of this study stems from the gap between the outdated regulatory framework, traditional medical classification, and modern market diversity of medical and health facilities. This discrepancy leads to a chaotic architectural typology and a lack of relevant architectural planning requirements.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a comprehensive classification to systematize the diversity of medical and health facilities, enabling the development of flexible and functionally adapted architectural solutions for medical and health facilities.

Methodology/approach: The analysis of regulatory documents, scientific approaches to classification, and Russian and international experience in the design of health and wellness facilities. The general concept of health and wellness complex is introduced along with a multiparameter classification that includes a variety of features that address contemporary challenges in medicine, health tourism, management, and architecture. Comparative and morphological analyses and object systematization are used with the classification tested on the reconstruction of the “Nauka” sanatorium into the Swissotel Resort Sochi Kamelia (a comparison of parameters before and after).

Research findings: The influence of each classification parameter on the space-planning solution of buildings is identified. The developed classification is tested using a sanatorium transformation as an example, clearly demonstrating changes in architectural and functional characteristics. The proposed approach allows for a transition from outdated standard models to the creation of flexible, cost-effective, and customized health and wellness complexes incorporating medical, recreational, and hotel functions.

Harsh continental climate of Krasnoyarsk, open public spaces often retain full functional activity primarily during the warm season necessitate the improvement of their all-season suitability. Purpose: Identification of priority directions for the architectural transformation of open public spaces in Krasnoyarsk that ensure an increased all-season suitability, based on a comparative assessment of implementing all-season principles.

Methodology: The comparative and functional-spatial analyses, visual-morphological survey, photographs, the analysis of cartographic materials and official online resources, and user reviews.

Research findings: It is shown that the highest level of adaptation to year-round use is characteristic of Tatyshev Island and the Yenisei embankment. The Revolution Square and Surikov Square demonstrate a partial and complementary implementation of all-season principles, whereas the Stolby complex is used in different seasons mainly due to the nature, with infrastructure remaining underdeveloped. The most fully implemented are natural shading, decorative illumination, food service facilities, art objects, and various winter scenarios. The least developed are the mobile wind protection, geoplastics, and systematically organized all-season landscaping.

Value: It is shown that the all-season character of public spaces is unevenly expressed and requires comprehensive architectural transformation. Priority directions for such transformation include improving microclimatic comfort, developing flexible seasonal scenarios, expanding winter infrastructure, and achieving a more complete integration of landscaping, lighting, and event-related components.

Climatic changes of today rise sea levels, and the transformation of coastal areas requires a transition to adaptive models of the floating architecture. The article is devoted to the development of a theoretical model of the floating architecture in the context of climatic changes and the transformation of water areas.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to substantiate omnipotence as a systemic property of floating structures and identify principles that ensure their multi-potentiality.

Methodology: A comparative analysis of projects realized late in the 20th and early 21st centuries, typological comparison of their spatial and functional characteristics, and synthesis of contemporary scholarly publications.

Research findings: The model comprising nine interrelated principles is formulated: temporality, hybridity, modularity, scalability, mobility, user adaptability, self-organization, ecological sustainability, and technological integration. It is found that their interaction forms an omnipotent architectural system capable of transformation and scenario shifts.

Value: The scientific novelty of the study lies in the interpretation of the floating architecture as a multi-scenario adaptive environment.

Given the growing need for rehabilitation services, driven by consequences of COVID-19 pandemic, the rise in chronic diseases, injuries, and postoperative complications, the importance of the effective rehabilitation environment is increasing. Modern approaches to rehabilitation and high-tech medical equipment require the creation of the healing architectural environment and flexible architectural and planning solutions.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify universal principles and trends in the design of rehabilitation centers that are applicable in Western Siberia.

Methodology/approach: This study employs a graphical and comparative analysis of urban planning layouts and functional and spatial planning solutions. The study is based on examination of rehabilitation centers across three main approaches: domestic, European, and Asian to the design of medical facilities.

Research findings: The study identifies characteristics and patterns of architectural solutions for each approach, which can be applied to the design of future healthcare facilities. Special attention is paid to the integration of facilities into the natural and urban environment with a view to create a sustainable, accessible, and safe architectural environment that promotes recovery and social adaptation of patients. The analysis highlights the need to adapt international experience to domestic design practices for the development of rehabilitation centers in Western Siberia.

The relevance of the study is due to the growing popularity of tourism in Russia and the government interest in creating facilities for the quality recreation in the country.
Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the architecture of modern tourist centers based on the Russian and foreign experience in design and construction of recreation facilities.
Research findings: The main features characterizing the structure of a modern tourist center are identified together with its functions and spatial planning solution, trends in location and exterior decoration. The special urban planning role of tourist centers and the influence of recreation facilities on various types of tourism in the region are highlighted.

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that territorial planning in Russia forms the urban planning decision-making system, i.e., it concentrates the whole range of measures to ensure the prospective development of regional systems and their components of the administrative-territorial division of the country. In this system, the choice of territories for the urban development is unresolved.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to establish possible directions for the territory assessment in order to obtain detailed information about both available and identified resources for the development of resettlement systems.

Methodology: The structural analysis of large territories, theoretical and cartographic modeling, field surveys and analysis of the literature. Cartographic and statistical documents are used as initial information necessary for solving the tasks, characterizing the territorial use of municipalities, posted on the official websites of state authorities of the Russian Federation.

Research findings: A methodological approach is developed to identify the structure of resettlement systems with differentiation into elements and components. Diagnostic characteristics of settlement systems are obtained taking into account the principles of rational use of territories. It is shown that territories of industrial parks belong to special objects of urban planning due to their influence on development trends of regional settlement systems.

The article analyzes modern technical regulation systems in the construction sector of the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China, accounting for the fundamental reforms of 2022–2024. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to adapt design documentation during the implementation of joint investment and construction projects.

Purpose: The research aims to identify conceptual differences between the updated regulatory frameworks of the two countries.

Methodology: The structural and comparative analysis of the updated Unified Digital Registry of Requirements in Russia and the latest mandatory codes of practice in China.

Research findings: The study reveals a fundamental divergence in regulatory models: legislative transition in Russia toward a detailed prescriptive (micro-level) approach versus the implementation of functional (macro-level) standardization in China. The paper demonstrates the methodological inaccuracy of direct quantitative comparison of regulatory documents due to differences in granularity. Based on a comparison of architectural, planning, and engineering parameters, it is established that the latest Chinese standards imperatively mandate higher requirements for basic comfort and environmental safety in mass construction, including mandatory carbon footprint calculations and the integration of renewable energy sources.

Practical implications: The work holds high practical significance for engineering and development companies, while the Chinese experience in functional regulation can be utilized to further enhance technical regulation in Russia.

The article provides an overview of advanced mathematical modeling methods of temperature fields of enclosing structures. The relevance of the study is due to the need to increase the energy efficiency of construction sites, since traditional analytical methods do not fully consider the geometry of nodes, heterogeneity of materials, humidity and convection.

Purpose: The purpose is the literature review in the field of temperature fields of enclosing structures.

Methodology: Russian and foreign research into specialized software, such as COSMOS DesignStar and COMSOL Multiphysics, are analyzed. Considered are approaches to modeling complex junctions, accounting for joint heat and moisture transfer in porous materials (aerated concrete) and evaluation of convective heat transfer in ventilated layers and non-stationary processes in groundwater.

Research findings: It is shown that numerical methods (finite elements, finite differences) and combined models allow predicting condensation and freezing with high reliability, optimizing the thickness of thermal insulation and reducing operating costs. The high efficiency of mathematical modeling is shown as a tool to design energy-efficient buildings, taking into account complex physical processes.

Purpose: Experimental investigation of the dynamic strength and deformability of pine wood as a function of the loading direction and rate; numerical simulation of deformation and failure of small, clean specimens under dynamic load.

Methodology/approach: Modeling is carried out within the framework of the phenomenological approach to the mechanics of a deformable solid in a three-dimensional formulation, numerical modeling is carried out by the finite element method.

Research findings: A model is proposed for the wood behavior under dynamic loads, taking into account the anisotropy of its elastic and strength properties. The model considers the dependence of strength properties on the loading rate and moisture content of the material.

Practical implications: The anisotropic model allows describing real properties of wood: the difference in elastic and strength properties of the material in different directions, as well as their different values under compression and tension.

Value: The proposed approach has no restrictions on the geometry and number of elements, and allows using any initial and boundary conditions. In the future, it will allow modeling the behavior of complex wooden structures under dynamic loading.

The energy efficiency improvement of buildings is closely linked to the heat loss reduction via thermally conductive elements. Even in the absence of joints in cast-in-place concrete buildings, the formation of thermal bridges is observed in windows, doors, wall corners, balcony projections, and junctions between parapets and roof. This work compares various design of parapet units in terms of their energy-saving potential.

Purpose: The investigation of thermal properties of different cast-in-place parapet units in steady temperature conditions and determination of calculation feasibility in a variable heat flux.

Research findings: Different computational models of parapet units are developed in SolidWorks allowing the temperature of the inner wall surfaces to be determined for various joint designs.

Practical implications: The obtained results allow formulating recommendations on the best heat insulation of parapet units in cast-in-place concrete buildings, identifying effective methods for the heat loss reduction.

The relevance is determined by the need to enhance the energy efficiency and environmental safety in construction through the implementation of 3D printing. Given the necessity for the disposal of plant waste, the use of hemp scutch as alternative thermal insulation for filling a dead formwork becomes particularly significant, aligning with modern trends in green construction.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to investigate the feasibility of using hemp scutch as an organic filler. The heat transfer was analyzed under the boundary conditions, i.e., ambient temperature on the outer (–30 °C) and inner (20 °C) surfaces.

Research findings: The numerical analysis at a temperature change rate of 4 °C/hour within –25 to –5 °C shows a high inertia of the wall element. The numerical analysis is conducted for temperature strain and stress in the hemp scutch wall element with a sand-cement mixture shell under extreme temperatures. It is based on the maximum-strain of failure and Mohr–Coulomb theories for zones with maximum stress levels and shows that the lowest safety margins (1.14–2.7) provide the required reliability of the wall element for this temperature differential across the outer and inner surfaces. The lowest safety margins (1.23–2.5) for zones with maximum thermal stress levels provide the required reliability at transient temperatures.

Originality/value: The hempcrete potential is show for using it as a thermal insulation material in 3D printing, contributing to reduced energy consumption of buildings and expanding the use of renewable plant materials in the construction industry. The numerical analysis of the thermal state of the wall element obtained by 3D printing, where a dead formwork made of sandcement mixture is filled with hempcrete.

Corrosion of metal and reinforced concrete structures remains one of the most serious problems affecting strength and durability of products. It is primarily caused by environmental factors such as chloride, sulfate, and carbon dioxide exposure. Various methods are widely used to apply corrosion-resistant coatings onto metal surface.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to synthesize corrosion-resistant compounds based on polymer matrices and inorganic additives and investigate their corrosion-resistant properties.

Methodology/approach: It is shown that proposed compositions can be used as a complex protective coating. The introduction of a mixture of iron oxides with variable valence into the polyurethane polymer matrix significantly reduces the corrosion rate in chloride-containing environments due to secondary redox processes in the protective layer. The contact angle, adhesive strength are calculated, and the Pourbaix diagram is analyzed.

Research findings: Synthesized are corrosion-resistant compounds based on metal-phosphate binders incorporated into polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate or alkyd polymer matrix.

Practical implications: Polymer matrices combined with chemical additives and fillers have advantages in the protection efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability, and such compounds can be used for corrosion protection.

It is important to study consumer ability of chrysotile and chrysotile-containing materials, taking into account the environmental aspect of fiber processing and applications.

Purpose: Identification of different fiber processing methods, such as mechanical, chemical, thermal, combined. Investigation of the fiber processing effect on their surface and physical and mechanical properties.

Methodology: A comprehensive analysis of the literature of the period 1967–2025 devoted to the modification of chrysotile asbestos fiber, description of chrysotile processing methods, structural properties and methods of modification of chrysotile fibers, and their subsequent use as a structuring component of materials for various purposes.

Research findings: Methods of modification of chrysotile locks are classified according to processing parameters. The heat treatment, mechanical and chemical effects, combined methods of modifying chrysotile fibrils are highlighted. Technological parameters of described methods are indicated, as well as structural changes in chrysotile fiber and possible fields of its application as a structuring component not only in the manufacture of chrysotile cement products, but also in the production of sorbents, catalysts, polymer materials, and metallurgical industry.

In standard methods of flexible pavement design, wheel contact spot is assumed to be circular, and the pressure transmitted to the pavement surface uniformly distributes over its area. However, actual contact parameters of a modern heavy-duty tire may differ significantly from the accepted design assumptions.

Purpose: Experimental determination of the influence of the tire inflation pressure and vertical wheel load on the area and geometric parameters of the contact spot and comparison of the obtained results with the standard model.

Methodology/ approach: Experiments are carried out for five heavy-duty tire sizes widely used on drive axles of trucks, buses, and trailers. Measurements are performed in the XSENSOR matrix-based pressure sensing system. Tests are conducted at four levels of the tire inflation pressure and wheel loads ranging from 40 to 120% of the maximum permissible wheel load.

Research findings: It is found that the contact spot area grows with increasing vertical load and reduces with increasing inflation pressure. Under all investigated conditions, the actual contact area exceeds values calculated with the standard model. Changes in the contact spot shape are identified. With increasing load, the spot becomes more elongated in the longitudinal direction. The standard loading model systematically underestimates actual contact parameters of heavy-duty tires.

Value: The obtained results confirm the need to refine calculation approaches to modeling the wheel load effect on pavement structures, taking into account actual contact characteristics.

Relevance: Direct testing of materials under a three-dimensional stress, which creates a uniform stress state throughout the entire control area of the sample, requires complex technical solutions. The development and advancement of simpler indirect tests, in which the uniform triaxial stress state is created only in a pre-determined part of a disk specimen where failure occurs, and controlled parameter values are calculated. A disk is used for indirect strength testing under a three-dimensional axisymmetric stress.

Purpose: The aim is to determine applicability limits of the engineering theory of thin plate bending, taking into account shear and compression, as well as stress errors and displacements of the specimen control point.

Methodology/approach: The comparative analysis of the analytical solution to the engineering theory of thin plate bending, taking into account shear and compression, with the FEM results implemented in the Inzh-RU computer complex.

Research findings: The obtained results allow evaluating the effect of the relative disk height for various aspect ratios. It is shown that the limiting h / d ratio for isotropic material should not be over 1/5.