The paper is devoted to the history of the formation of classical Italian garden. It is shown that it originates from home gardens of peristyle country-houses and suburban villas of Ancient Roma. Evidences of classics (Cicero, Plinius and others) are presented concerning the arrangement of similar gardens. It is shown that this experience has not been forgotten after the fall of the Roman Empire. Colourful descriptions of Roman gardens are preserved in literature of II-IV centuries. It is supposed that these sources of literature were familiar to Italian humanists. In the 15-16^th centuries, they revived the ancient ("Arcadia") traditions in Medici gardens of Florence, Verona and other cities of Italy. In the 16-18^th centuries, classical Italian gardens became a part of the world culture. It has not lost its popularity in our days, and is used in public gardens and parks, manor houses and villas.

The paper presents factors and vital services affecting the space-planning decisions of poultry enterprises. The analysis of the functional planning organization of poultry buildings allows the allocation techniques for the auxiliary support zones relative to the main zone. Progressive volumetric, structural and constructive decisions are presented in this paper for poultry building units.

The paper presents the analysis of existing methods of assessing the quality of the urban living environment. It is suggested to improve methods of the efficient use of intra-city areas. The problem is posed in relation to the necessity of using the developed methods at the municipal level for the determination of the attractiveness index of these areas. Such factors as the functional mobility, three-dimensional balance, and historical and cultural heritage are introduced in the list of coefficients.

In previous works, the criteria of minimum material consumption were considered at different restrictions and types of cross-sections. Such criteria are determined for H-shaped section bars and restrictions to the value of critical load and first eigenfrequency. In real situations, structural elements are needed to be reinforced. This paper presents the criterion for the minimum materials consumption at strengthening of H-shaped rebar section and restrictions to the value of critical load or first eigenfrequency.

The paper presents the results of transverse tests of the column-to-column connection under the dynamic load. Transverse tests were carried out on the impact-testing machine. The altitude rates and vibratory displacements are determined for the mid-point of construction. VIC-3D digital optical system is used to detect surface deformations within the whole range of the concrete strength. This allowed detecting the crack propagation within the area of the column-to-column connection and its failure.

The paper presents the results of the experimental analysis of the longitudinal beam-to-column joint under the triple dynamic load. Longitudinal girders have hinged ends. The column head is subjected to the longitudinal load of the weight dropper. A high-speed camera combined with the VIC-3D digital optical system is used to detect surface deformations in the specimen. This allowed detecting the deformation distribution during the impact loading and record crack birth and propagation within the area of the longitudinal beam-to-column joint. Crack birth and propagation result in the reduction of the structural rigidity and eigenfrequency.

The article presents the results of static load testing for built-up column joints in which the longitudinal reinforcement is connected using mechanical crimped couplers. Patterns of deformation, crack propagation, and failure are obtained as a result of these investigations. Also, fracture load and deformability values are presented for the workpieces and their joints.

The paper presents the research results obtained for the beam-to-column connection under static load. New experimental data are given for the behavior of the beam-to-column connection, deformation properties, crack propagation and failure of these structures induced by the static load. Analytical calculations of the beam-to-column connections are presented accounting for areas of the relative strength ratio.

The paper presents the experimental analysis of reinforced concrete elements having steel fiber reinforcement in compression zone and high-tensile reinforcement in tensile zone under the dynamic load. The new experimental data are obtained for the processes of resistance of fiber-reinforced concrete elements having a mixed reinforcement, deformation, crack propagation, and failure of such constructions under the intensive dynamic load. Prerequisites and the design technique for fiber-reinforced steel bending elements are presented herein in terms of the dynamic load.

The paper presents a series of experiments on estimating concrete product parameters by its compressive strength location and dispersion. New concepts are introduced in this paper, namely: information -redundant and -additional strength parameters the practical applications of which are described herein. It is shown that main portion of test objects has a selective strength distribution with the flat top and explicit asymmetry. Experiments prove the possibility of representing selective distributions of the compressive strength in concrete by the weighted sum of two normal distributions.

The paper presents the research results on the new glass foam material physicochemical and mechanical properties of which are obtained due to titanium and zirconium oxides additives. It is shown that the greater effect can be achieved when using the smallest portions of these oxides that allows to purposefully control the production of multifunctional construction beyond materials. A conclusion is drawn concerning the effect of energoinformational parameters in synthesizing glass foam materials.

The paper presents a new antifreeze organic agent based on oxalic aldehyde obtained by the substance synthesis. The research is carried out into the structure formation and hardening of cement systems having antifreeze agents based on sodium formate and sodium salt of glyoxalic acid. The paper presents the comparison of strength properties of cement brick and concrete with antifreeze agents. The suggested antifreeze agent can be used in monolithic construction under winter conditions.

The paper presents test results on steel fiber and single-bend fiber pulling out of fine-grained concrete. Empirical curves are obtained for fiber displacements induced by the load. The analysis of empirical data allows constructing piecewise diagrams for both uniform and single-bend fibers displaced in fine-grained concrete. Dependencies are suggested for the determination of characteristic point coordinates on the piecewise diagram that describes the displacement of steel fiber located at different angles to the axial load.

The paper presents the possibility of concrete pigmentation using pigments obtained from sewage sludge. The iron-oxide pigments, the derivative product of sewage sludge utilization are investigated, in particular, their effect on the properties of fine-grained concrete. Sewage sludge is produced by the water-treatment plant and taken from water collection filters of Tomsk groundwater sources. Experiments show that these pigments are characterized by such working qualities, as uniformity, high dispersion, and dispersive ability. Good strength properties of fine-grained concrete are proved as well as its frost resistance.

The paper presents the dispatch and control system of energy consumption based on the accomplishments of the project N 02.G25.31.0107 implemented within the Governmental Decree N 218. The system is based on new import-substituting microelectronic components the only manufacturer of which is in Russia, i.e. Milandr company (Zelenograd). The system heterogeneity implies the internal data exchange by several heterogeneous communication channels, thereby ensuring the high reliability of its operation. Automated heterogeneous system is intended for control for consumption of heat and electric energy, water and gas.

The paper presents the comparative analysis of the energy efficiency of the main ventilation types used in in the universal prefabricated antiseismic building system. The analysis shows that ventilation based on the heating air intake from the upper area of the winterized attic floor is the most energy efficient type, which is then used in a recuperative heat exchanger. In the Tomsk region, the energy efficiency is provided only by the use of a hot-water calorifer instead of a recuperative heat exchanger in this type of ventilation.

The paper presents results of oil-black visualization of separated air flows around the building models in the form of square prisms that simulate freestanding buildings or a group of buildings having the mutual effect on each other. The airflow patterns are described for both single square prisms and their tandem arrangement at a linear and non-linear displacement relative to the airflow direction. Experiments are carried out at a fixed Reynolds number of 4,25×10⁴ and two angles of attack of 0 and 45 degrees. The relative height of the models is 1, 3 and 6.

The paper describes the approach to the standard development considering the regional scientific and practical experience gained by experts of the Automobile Roads Department of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building, Tomsk, Russia, for a period of more than 40 years. The territorial distribution of the boundaries of the road-building climatic zones together with the road geocomplexes in Kuzbass is presented herein. A range of clay soil properties is recommended for the pavement design accounting for the frost resistance and strength for the 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd land types classified by the nature and degree of moisture. The pavement design methods accounting for the frost resistance, are suggested for both shallow and deep groundwater that is not reflected in the Industry Road Code 01 218.046.

The paper describes the mathematical model and algorithm for solving the axisymmetric problem of determining the unsteady thermal field around a cylindrical mining. The proposed model is described by the introduction in it the thermal boundary layer at the inner boundary of mining interface. The algorithm of the proposed model is tested by the calculation of the real rock thaw penetration located in the permafrost zone in the Khabarovsk region. The depth of thaw penetration is determined depending on the thickness of the heat insulating layer beyond the tunnel lining. The paper also presents the results of the depth calculation for rock thaw penetration after the completion of the tunnel construction using the cross mining method.

The present article describes approach towards the database formation for justification of the calculated values of subgrade clay soils properties considering roads of West Siberian region. Aspects of the methodology have been considered aimed at providing quality design of roads by means of accounting natural-climatic conditions of separate administrative units of Russian Federation. The stages reflecting validation of calculated values of strength and deformation properties of clay soils are shown. The dependences of change in elasticity modulus, the angle of internal friction and specific cohesion of clay soil on relative humidity were established. The calculated values of moisture, elasticity modulus, angle of internal friction and the specific adhesion of clay soils subgrade are given.

The paper presents the study of the fiber arrangement in dispersion mineral and thermoplastic reinforcement of the adsorption-solvation bitumen shells of organo-mineral mixes. Research results show that depending on the fiber diameter, the dispersion reinforcement can be disposed in the adsorption layer without affecting the position of the mineral material particles or extend beyond the adsorption-solvation shell, thereby separating (propping) particles of the mineral material. In case the fiber has the diameter over 24 μm, the propping effect of mineral particles should be taken into account and the mix grain composition should be controlled during its design.

The paper presents results of experimental studies on the determination of the allowed value of frost heave in asphalt concrete coatings under estimated negative temperature. The dependences between the allowed value of frost heave in asphalt concrete coatings and the estimated negative temperature are obtained allowing for the type of asphalt mixture and the thickness of pavement.

The analysis of theoretical studies shows that the traffic flow speed is the main indicator of the efficiency level of the transporter system functioning in a city. A high-density traffic requires taking measures on the improvement of riding qualities of streets in the city and the increase of vehicle speeds. It is suggested to divide these measures into three groups depending on the level of complexity and capital intensity of design solutions, i.e. organizational, repair and reconstructive. It is shown that time expenditures of the population can be reduced due to the improvement of the traffic routing considered within the development of the road network of the city.

The paper presents the improved design method of bearing capacity for injection piles based on data obtained from the injector indentation. Field experiments and numerical simulation are carried out using the software package PLAXIS 3D. The transition ratios between the soil resistance to the injector indentation and estimated soil resistance under the lower end of the injection piles are determined in this paper. The specific-conditions-of-use factor of the lateral surface of the injection pile is obtained herein. The comparative analysis is presented for the experimental and theoretical findings.

The paper considers the problems of residential building capital repairs in the current socio-economic conditions. A large number of residential buildings with a high degree of wear on the one hand, and limited financial resources on the other, pose the problem of the repair priority. The ranking methodology is suggested for residential buildings included in the capital repairs program. This methodology is based on algorithmic model of ranking by the enlarged list of criteria. The suggested methodology will allow detecting the priority of residential buildings in the design of short-term capital repairs plans.