The history of town planning and architectural objects has been studied long ago through visual art. This is primarily associated with problems of their reconstruction and restoration. Architectural monuments often disappear without, and it is difficult to recreate them. Archival materials and visual aids help us to create an original architecture. At present, restorers actively use photographs of past years. But photography was invented late in the 19th century. Fine arts have been existed since the advent of man and solve the problems that predate that period. Therefore, the study of painting and graphics is important for both historians and architects-restorers.

The paper focuses on the graphic works of J.F. Fleck, a painter and graphic artist, who lived in Tomsk in the 1870s. A series of his drawings published in Warsaw, offers an insight into the historical city development and the history of urbanism, that enables us to compare the past and the present. The paper analyzes architectural monuments survived to our days and shows the importance of the graphic artist in the study of contemporary architecture.

Purpose: A study of the ancient monument, which embodies the best traditions of ancient art and is associated with the Roman Emperor Hadrian cult; the history of Zeus Olympius Temple construction in Athens, its architecture, and the current state.

Methodology: The critical analysis of the literature, architectural and structural analyses and system-structural analysis of information, creative synthesis in conclusions.

Research findings: Despite the fact that the Olympius Temple was dedicated to the God Zeus, the true center of worship was the Emperor Hadrian, who promoted the Athenian temple and its territory as the main base of the imperial cult in the Greek East, the region of his empire, which he sought to unite through the his power, progressive reputation and generous public charity. Practical implications: The use of the obtained results in lectures, reports, and communication on the history of world architecture. The study is important to understand the present based on the traditions of the deep past.

Originality: Collection and analysis of the literature, including foreign, scientifically substantiated conclusions. The methodological and theoretical bases are theoretical works of historians and architects in the field.

 

Purpose: Summarizing the experience in laser 3D scanning of real construction sites relating to architectural monuments.

Methodology: Data collection and processing of the point cloud formation of a building during the survey. Analysis of the work stages of threedimensional scanning, including photogrammetry with DJI Mavic 3 UAV and laser scanning provided by a Faro Focus S150 scanner.

Research findings: Technical recommendations are given to laser 3D scanning of buildings. The formation stages of the point cloud of buildings are considered with identification of the key factors affecting the scanning objects. The proposed developments can serve as the basis for creating a full-fledged methodology for laser 3D scanning of construction objects in the future.

Originality: During building restoration and their adaptation to modern conditions, it is important to obtain complete and reliable data on the building examination. It is important to record the most complete range of geometric parameters of the object, that improves the quality of restoration.

 

Purpose: A comprehensive study of the country estate of the Kuznetsovs in Krasnoyarsk built in the 19−20th centuries, including its current state, urban planning role in the modern structure, losses and transformations, scientific confirmation of the historical composition and boundaries of the ownership.

Methodology: Historical archival materials, bibliography, and field studies. Identification methods, comprehensive, systematic, and comparative analyses of information studied.

Research findings: Collected and analyzed materials on the Kuznetsovs’ estate as a unique and largest household in the city of Krasnoyarsk. The estate preservation problem is leveling the historical architectural and town-planning value owing to losses, reconstructions, and separate protection of its elements.

Originality: Research covers the problem of the loss of valuable historical residential buildings forming the architectural appearance of the urban environment of the central part of the historical city. The comprehensive analysis of the Kuznetsovs’ estate in Krasnoyarsk allows considering the patterns in the formation of a merchant's dwelling, as it demonstrates principles of organizing the family seat characteristic of this estate and the period under study

 

The paper describes the history of the of Mulhouse, a working-class town in France found in 1853. Shown is the connection of its foundation with local social conditions and industrialism of Henri de Saint-Simon.

The conditions of the workers' town emergence and the Soviet workers' settlements in the 1930s are compared to identify the reasons for the similarity in the architectural design. The development history of the Workers' Town is given and possible reasons for this settlement over 150 years is analyzed.

The paper considers the latest trends in color solutions in the architecture of new industrial enterprises. Eco-friendly environment, integration of natural elements into the urban environment, convergence of industrial and public space, production facilities in historically developed buildings are expressed in new color combinations, which have not been previously used in the industrial architecture. 

The development concept was accepted early in the 1990s, and since then it was developed in most scientific and industrial sectors. Since the advent of this concept, various definitions were proposed and various methods were applied to implement this concept. The urban development is currently considered at the level of the overall strategy and urban planning criteria, which meet the objectives of this approach. Certification system is of high importance at the interstate level, but it plays even a greater role in the social development. As a rule, certification is used to evaluate the development of individual buildings and other urban facilities. The importance of goals and objectives solved by the certification system actualizes the elaboration of measures aimed at adapting and progressive development of the designated system to the needs of modern urban construction. The paper deals with topical issues of certification and certification systems in the field of urban planning such as DGNB, LEED, BREEAM, HQE, Green Star and CASBEE. A comparative analysis of certification systems is also carried out. In conclusion, the results of the analysis of these systems are presented as well as their advantages and disadvantages. The result of this assessment can be useful for national and local authorities, urbanists, planners, builders, investors. It should be added that none of the considered certification systems is universal, each of them has both advantages and disadvantages. It can be concluded that the use of certification systems in urban construction contributes to the settlement development. Originality: Comparison of six major global standards, their urban certification systems, evaluation criteria, and comparison with the main development aspects (economic, environmental and social). 

Purpose:To suggest factors of transformation (formation) of rural dwelling architecture in Western Siberia. Identification of factors that determine changes in the dwelling architecture. Identification of the specifics of the factor interaction, which determine changes in architecture.

Methodology: The analysis of the literature in the field, a comparative historical analysis of the main changes in the architectural solutions of a rural dwelling in Primorye at the end of the 20th century, ethnographic methods of the field research to collect materials for conducting research (interviewing, expert surveys, measurements, photo fixation). Study of works of Siberian historians, architects and ethnographers, namely A.Yu. Mainicheva, V.A. Ilinykh, E.A. Ashchepkov, O.N. Shelegina, L.A. Scriabin, V.M. Kimeev, B.R. Rubanenko, K.K. Kartashova.

Research findings: The transformation of rural housing on the example of the Kemerovo region at the beginning of the 20th century. Determined are the main transformation factors, their interaction and hierarchy.

Originality:Determination of relationships between sociocultural, economic and other changes as well as changes in the dwelling architecture.

 

Modern approaches to the comfortable housing do not fully reflect the full range of the population's requests for the level and availability of necessary goods for a comfortable life. In fact, well-being has gone beyond just housing conditions. Ensuring a comfortable life in the territories under construction is possible only through a competent planning system, interconnectedness of plans at all governmental levels. A competent strategy and clear line with respect to the interests of all residents, will allow achieving the strategic goals of the overall socio-economic development of the territory.

Purpose: Stress-strain state simulation of the one-story prefabricated reinforced concrete building on a monolithic foundation slab damaged after instrument-aided structural survey, including damage to the self-bearing brickwork caused by earlier earthquakes. This frame building is constructed without consideration of seismic impacts.

Methodology: Engineering-geological survey, structural analysis, finite element modeling in the MicroFe software, development of the base– foundation–building model.

Practical implications: The obtained results are used to provide the reliability of the frame building by implementing technical solutions on restoration of its serviceability in seismic conditions

 

Purpose: Calculation of the pipe hydraulic potential affected by sediments in water pipes. For gravity sewerage pipes of any material, a sludge layer is formed in the chute of pipes at a certain flow rate, which also changes the hydraulic potential of pipes affecting the actual hydraulic gradient, characterizing the period of operation of the drainage network before it needs to be hydrodynamically cleaned.

Methodology/approach: Dependences are suggested for the hydraulic calculation of metal water pipes and gravity drainage networks with internal deposits.

Research findings: The influence of the layer thickness of internal sediments in water metal pipes on their hydraulic potential is shown as well as the influence of this thickness in the tray part of gravity drainage networks on the hydraulic characteristics of pipes. The dependence shows the hydraulic curve slope of the drainage network relative to the sediment layer thickness in the tray part of pipes.

Practical implications: Instrumental control is proposed for the sediment layer thickness during the operation of water pipes and gravity drainage networks using the proposed device patented by the authors. 

 

Direct electric preheating of concrete mixture (DEPC), which significantly improves the energy efficiency of thermal curing stage, is mostly used in winter concreting and is promising for application in precast concrete production. However, to date, DEPC is not fully utilized. One of its limitations is the temperature difference in the heated volume. The paper proposes methods and means of achieving the uniform temperature field distribution in the heated concrete mixture. The proposed method includes the replacement of plate electrodes by a group of independently controlled electrodes of a smaller size, that makes the system flexible and capable of controlling the electric and, consequently, thermal field. The paper describes the equipment, principles of constructing the algorithm for the heating process control program. 

The paper considers the problem of quality road construction and increasing their inter-repair period during the life cycle with respect to regional climatic conditions and differentiation of road-building climatic zones in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The main principles of the data bank formation for geographical complex modeling are described for the territorial integrity and homogeneity of individual District parts in the zone-subzoneroad district taxonomic system. Zone and subzone signs of the geographical complex are included in the data bank.

One of the ways is substantiated to solve the most important environmental problems currently arising in the development and functioning of the heat and power complex. The first is the elimination of fly ash dumps formed during coal combustion. The second is utilization of fibrous sorbents exhausted during the elimination of emergency oil spills, products, shale tars, coal fuses. It is shown that fine ash and asphalt-concrete compositions reinforced with chemical fibers obtained from end-of-life fibrous sorbents, can be used in the pavement construction. The number of properties of hydraulic fly ash and neutralization of sesquioxides contained in them are improved. The latter are catalysts for oil bitumen aging. It is shown that the proposed solutions lead to a decrease in the bitumen content in the fly ash, increase in average density, decrease in porosity and true density. This provides its use in construction of reinforced pavements without increasing the oil bitumen consumption. Highly active components contained in petroleum products neutralize the ability of sesquioxides to accelerate the aging process of petroleum bitumen, which is confirmed by IR spectroscopy.

In conditions of increasing impact of temporary live load, a premature wear of bridge superstructures occurs, operational strength and durability decrease. The paper discusses the dynamic reliability of the load-bearing elements of superstructures within the frame of ensuring the structure safety during operation, with regard to defects and overloads. Reliability is considered within the framework of random events and processes based on the possible superstructure exit beyond its serviceability based on the statistical dynamic properties. The parametric and structural reliability is considered. Based on the mathematical statistics and random numbers theories, the dynamic reliability theory is characterized by the quality deployed in time. The effect of load variation for a long time is considered. The possibility is predicted for changing resources and structure failure. The dynamic reliability conditions are approximated based on the Gauss and Weibull distribution curves. Mathematical expressions are given to the structure indestructibility. The superstructure failure is considered with respect to possible overload using the principle of accidental release.