The paper presents the comparative analysis of the European (from monism to pluralism) and Russian (from pluralism to monism) architecture.

The social and historical methods identify the ideological origins of the Soviet architecture of the Stalinist period within the paradigm of the proletarian culture. In the architectural context, the fundamental report by A.V. Lunacharsky, the outstanding proletarian cultural specialist, is core of the Soviet architecture.

From a systemic point of view, the architecture of the Stalinist period is presented as a continuous organizational process directed toward its diversity, completeness, harmony, and synergy.

The paper considers the historical formation of the garden and park area at A.F. Gorokhov’s mansion, a Tomsk philosopher. In the middle of the 19th century, the manor garden was transformed into a public-private garden and considered to be the most attractive holiday destination. Research is based on the historical and architectural analysis of the materials from the State Archives of the Tomsk and Omsk regions, legislative and historical documents, illustrative materials of the Tomsk Regional Museum of Local Lore and Memories. The analysis is given to the creation and arrangement principles of the garden and park territory of F.A. Gorokhov’s mansion. As a result, a planning characteristic of the manor garden and a graphical reconstruction are presented herein for the middle of the 19th century. It is proposed to provide restoration and recon- struction of the mansion elements on the studied territory.

 

This article analyzes the Russian and foreign experience of designing training centers, examines the architecture of professional development centers, describes and compares three architectural models. The research is determined by the following factors: the rapid development of technologies leading to obsolescence and disappearance of some of professions; need for adaptation to rapidly changing working conditions and constant improvement of professional skills; increase in unemployment due to economic decline in the world and the COVID-19 pandemic which contribute to the search for new, in-demand professions.

The purpose of this work is to analyze the formative factors: town-planning, architectural- planning, functional, psychological and pedagogical, etc., which influence the architecture of professional development centers, their classification according to the organizational structure, capacity, functionality according to the degree of accessibility. The concept of open training center is proposed, which carries out both professional retraining and educates everyone with- out age restrictions, with any level of education.

Teaching of the adult students is considered, the use of VR technologies along with the traditional technical teaching aids. Architectural models of education centers are proposed: high, medium, and highly specialized capacity, comparative analysis which gives a choice of the most effective model for Rostov-on-Don.

This article is devoted to the application of modern methods of urban planning for landscape improvement of recreational areas of a modern city.

The formation of the three-dimensional structure of parks is considered with respect to the spatial organization of landscapes. The article presents the basic design principles of recreational areas based on the architectural landscaping in the largest city.

The proposed project can serve as a basis for the formation of urban planning documentation and can be applied in practice. This will contribute to successful socio-economic development and an increase in the living comfort of the population.

Each generalized precision connection increases only one value of eigen-frequency prior to a specified value, without changing the remaining eigen-frequencies and all natural modes. Each generalized kinematic device reduces only one value of selected eigen-frequency prior to a specified value, without changing the remaining eigen-frequencies and all natural modes.

The methods of creating the additional connections and generalized kinematic devices that precisely change the eigen-frequency are developed for elastic systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom of masses, whose motion directions are parallel and lie in one plane. In particular, the theory and algorithm of formation of additional connections and generalized kinematic devices are developed for rods.

It is shown that the method of forming the matrix of additional stiffness coefficients describing the precision connection and a matrix of the additional inertial forces in the problem of eigen-frequency of rods, can be applied to solve a similar problem for elastic systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom of masses, whose directions of motion are parallel, but do not lie in one plane, in particular plates.

The developed algorithms for the formation of additional precision connections and generalized kinematic devices in rods based on the properties of string polygons cannot be used without significant changes in the similar problem for plates.

The development of connection schemes and kinematic devices that precisely change the eigen-frequency of elastic plates with the finite number of degrees of freedom of masses will be studies in future research.

The most common structures designed for the installation of technological equipment in workshops are beam platforms mounted from rolled steel and sheet elements. The values of strains and stresses of ribbed plates obtained in accordance with the linear theory, significantly differ from the values obtained in terms of physical and geometrical nonlinearities.

A joint consideration of the double nonlinearity significantly clarifies the mathematical model of the reinforced flexible plates and shells, which provides a complete idea of the stress-strain state of the structure.

The paper presents a calculation algorithm for the flexible plates reinforced by a stiffening plates and hollow shells based on the Lagrange function method. The stress-strain state of a plate symmetrically reinforced by a stiffening plate is investigated under the uniform loading conditions.

This paper describes the experience of specialists from TomskNIPIneft in the underground pipeline laying in permafrost regions. The integrated and strength analyses are given herein, and the importance of considering the different factors for these analyses is shown as well as the limitations of conducting various scenarios of soil modeling. The important points are identified for carrying out the software-based strength analysis. Compensating measures are taken in the underground pipeline laying in the permafrost region. The technical solution is proposed for the use of frozen soil supports; its essence is described. The general block diagram of the heat engineering and strength analyses is presented in this paper.

This work is performed to improve or strengthen the soil in the permafrost region under building foundations or engineering structures in the conditions of the Far North. Freezing in winter and partial thawing in summer of the surface layer of permafrost are analyzed. According to the surveys on soil temperature, thawing of permafrost soils is predicted. Promising solutions are considered for the permafrost soil stabilization. The latest design solutions and developments are presented for the creation of many systems and devices for thermal stabilization of permafrost soils. A schematic diagram is suggested for the experimental installation for recording changes in ambient air temperatures and permafrost. The equipment is selected for studying the automated control system for the cooling process of casing pipe of the foundation pile and near-pile permafrost soil. An experimental installation is proposed to study the effectiveness of the automated control system. The model and simulation of this system is imple- mented in the SimInTech program. The automatic control system provides control for thermoelectric modules in automatic mode in order provide their best orientation in the ambient air temperature, depending on the soil temperature in the near-pile space of the foundation. A device is patented for stabilizing the frozen ground of a pile foundation with casing pipes containing a system for automated control for cooling process of the near-pile foundation.

The relevance of the study is associated with the need to implement the concept of the scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, which outlines the transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving technologies. The paper presents the results of full-scale experiments of changes in the operating parameters of the experimental-industrial hybrid solar hot-water system with a circulating pump operating in periodic duty mode in the hydraulic circuit. The proposed hardware and software system provides switching on and switching out of the circulating pump depending on the temperature difference of the coolant in collectors and at the storage tank output. This provides the maximum thermal energy for the hot-water system at different of solar radiation intensities and the minimum power consumption by the circulating pump generated by solar panels.

The paper delas with the problem of imperfection of the theory of heat stability based on the analysis of heat stability of sandwich panels in the summer period. Different methods of calculation of the heat stability are proposed based on the comparative analysis of the material inner heat absorption. Calculations are conducted in accordance with the classical theory and engineering normative procedure and using the results of numerical simulation in ELCUT Pro 6. 4 software. The comparative analysis is given to the temperature fluctuation amplitude on the inner surface of a sandwich panel. Further research is required for the non-stationary mode of heat transfer in building envelopes.

The paper considers two scenarios of the coolant circulation in the hydraulic circuit with different location of the circulating pump. The following parameters are analyzed to estimate the effectiveness of the proposed scenarios: steel intensity of the system, electrical power consumption of the boiler plant, power consumption of the equipment, initial capital costs, costs of the boiler maintenance during its operation. The main equipment of the boiler plant is selected, three- dimensional models are developed for the two scenarios taking into account the shipping dimensions of block-boxes of the boiler plant. The technical and economic indicators at different required capacities are assessed. It is shown that each of the proposed scenarios can be used depending on the specified capacity of block-boxes of the boiler plant.

 

This paper deals with the flow of bitumen binder in a cylindrical tube described by the Hershel-Bulkley fluid. The dependence is suggested for the fluid flow rate and the pressure drop. Dependences are also determined for the radial velocity distribution and effective viscosity. It is found that at a low pressure drop, the non-Newtonian properties of the medium lead to a significant hydraulic resistance due to the internal structure. With an increase in the pressure drop, the hydraulic resistance of the flow decreases.

The article deals with the TMPA satellite model applied for determination of the annual quantity of precipitations inroad building climatic zones on the territory of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. The subgrade humidification in this region largely depends on the precipitation quantity. The ground water level is rather low and does not affect the moisture accumulation in subgrade soils. The strength and stability of subgrade soils are subject to the influence of water and heat balance of the road pavement. The results of the moisture accumulation analysis in the road structures are obtained by using the data obtained from the TMPA satellite on the annual quantity precipitation in the territory of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan.