Purpose: The paper studies the planning structure of the urban estate of Tomsk peasants late in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Special attention is paid to household buildings. The relevance of the study is due to the low level of knowledge of the estate housing development in Tomsk and its preservation.

Methodology: Historical and archival materials and field survey.

Research findings: It is shown how important it is to preserve individual historical and cultural development of peasant estate housing in the of the historical city of Tomsk. The obtained results can be used to study the wooden manor buildings in Siberian cities and develop projects for restoration of historical buildings in Tomsk.

Value: Comprehensive research presented in this work had not been previously conducted in this field.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to find a solution to preserve the unique wooden architecture of Tomsk through the integrated territory development within the approved boundaries of the historical settlement.

Methodology: A normative approach and comparative analysis of positive experience of the last five years in preserving cultural heritage in historical settlements in Russia. The methodological basis of research is works on the integrated approach to solving all the problems and field studies of the condition of wooden architecture zones in Tomsk.

Research findings: The model standard is identified as the most effective method of preserving wooden architecture zones, which allows reconstructing of the central part of the city within the boundaries of the historical settlement. At the same time, not only the unique wooden architecture is preserved, but also the tasks of a comfortable urban environment are solved, small and medium-sized businesses are developing, and the public movement facilitates the participation in socio-cultural projects to preserve the historical and cultural heritage of Tomsk.

Value/originality: A combination of the theoretical analysis of research developments, modern regulatory documents and the latest Russian experience in the field of cultural heritage to build a methodological algorithm for the preservation of wooden architecture zones, taking into account the integrated territory development in Tomsk.

The article studies religious architectural monuments of Nakhchivan dated on the basis of inscriptions and architectural elements. Religious architectural monuments, which are important for the study of medieval Azerbaijani architecture, are not properly involved in the study. However, since many of these monuments have medieval architectural elements, and some have inscriptions relating to the date of construction, these monuments make it possible to study the development stages of medieval architectural history. It is shown that the religious architecture in Nakhchivan is an integral part of Azerbaijan architecture and develops in interaction with neighboring countries of the Middle East. However, traditionalists and changes in the development of monuments of religious architecture have not been sufficiently studied, which sometimes does not allow to correctly date architectural monuments.

Purpose: The study of religious architectural monuments to trace the sequence in their architecture and correctly date them using information given in the inscriptions.

Methodology: Comparative and analytical analyses are used to determine the traditionalism and similarity between architectural elements of medieval religious architectural monuments in Nakhchivan. Special attention is paid to inscriptions, three-dimensional structure and structural elements.

Research findings: Religious architectural monuments in Nakhchivan are divided according to two periods. The first period dates back to the 11–15th centuries and the second period includes the 16–18th centuries. Based on the results, the sequence and change of architectural elements in the development of religious monuments is traced.

The Akademgorodok is characterized by natural landscape inextricably linked with the planning structure, architectural environment, and socio-cultural conditions of its formation.

Purpose: The aim is to examine the urban space of Akademgorodok in Novosibirsk, a unique urban planning formation of the 1960s.

Methodology: Historical and systematic approach, including literary sources, scientific works, historical and retrospective analysis of the nature of the building, full-scale and comparative analysis.

Research findings: The main formation stages and interaction between the natural, planning, architectural, and social environments is analyzed, and the main formation stages are identified for the Akademgorodok.

This article studies the principles of zoomorphic playground design, analyzes their safety aspects and development potential, and highlights the importance of integrating biologically inspired design to create an attractive and stimulating environment.

Purpose: The aim is to analyze existing approaches and concepts for design of zoomorphic playgrounds.

Methodology: A comprehensive analysis of existing zoomorphic playgrounds, including visual analysis and assessment of functionality and safety.

Research findings: The key factors and aspects required for the creation of zoomorphic playgrounds are identified.

This article examines architectural aspects that contribute to the formation of comfortable and safe conditions of buildings of the port infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route as well as promising Arctic port architecture. The article describes architectural objects in the Arctic and considers the following principles of Arctic architecture: sustainability, compactness, connections, innovations, modularity, adaptability; and the use of architectural tools: light, color, texture, shape. Construction in permafrost conditions is also considered, which forms the requirements for load-bearing structures and foundations. In addition, the paper studies the foreign experience in and approaches to Arctic port architecture.

Purpose: To study the Arctic conditions and architecture, determining key design principles and effective methods.

Research findings: The study is based on the natural and climatic conditions of the Arctic, which form the requirements for architectural solutions of Arctic port buildings of the Northern Sea Route.

Methodology: The analysis of architectural principles and tools for solving the emerging set of problems. A comparative analysis of foreign experience. A comprehensive review of architectural aspects of Arctic ports, taking into account engineering, environmental and psychophysiological factors in order to form a unified approach to the architectural design of a comfortable and safe environment in the Arctic.

Value: Strategic state tasks for further development of the Arctic imply a new stage of Arctic construction and reconstruction of ports and cities. The architectural task is to consolidate new and traditional approaches and improve design methods to create comfortable conditions for people and minimize anthropogenic impact on the environment.

Purpose: The purpose is to determine the nature and degree of influence of “high” architecture on the local construction and artistic traditions of the temple architecture in Yuryevets.

Research findings: The administrative transformation of Russia in the 18th century had a significant impact on urban planning in general and on architecture in particular. New practice of governmental regulation and centralization of architectural and urban planning activities in the country significantly changed the local urban planning and architectural culture of Yuryevets. In the 18–19th centuries, stone churches were built in Yurievets. The formation of urban verticals began in 1700 with the construction of the Annunciation Church and was continued till 1840.

Value: In the 18th century, architecture in Yuryevets demonstrated a complex interaction of old Russian traditions and new European styles, which contributed to the emergence of unique regional schools.

This article analyzes Russian and foreign experience in high-rise building design, describes formation stages of high-rise buildings, and compares structural systems and their impact on architecture, functional zones, in particular vertical public spaces, and considers the final model of a high-rise building.

The relevance of the research topic is due to both the high population density in the largest cities and the need to create accent objects in the urban environment, the efficient use of urban areas.

Purpose: Identification of architectural styles of high-rise buildings and development of proposals for the largest cities, in particular Moscow.

Methodology: The literature review, normative documents, statistical data and Internet resources on high-rise buildings, description and comparison of high-rise buildings in the largest cities of Russia to identify common characteristics, classification and generalization of information obtained during the analysis in the form of schemes, diagrams and models.

Research findings: The hypothesis of the modern world is considered for large cities. Increased population density is solved by a construction of high-rise buildings. The analysis of formative factors includes urban planning, architectural planning, functional, constructive, affecting the architecture of high-rise buildings and their classification by functional content, height, functional purpose, materials.

Value: The concept is proposed for a high-rise building consisting of two interconnected towers, including residential, social, business and shopping and entertainment functions.

The rapid progress in science, technology and neural network technologies determines the relevance of this research. The paper studies the AR (augmented reality) and VR (virtual reality) technology implementation in the architecture of Murmansk.

Purpose: The purpose of the work is to identify the future implementation of augmented and reality virtual technologies in the urban environment of the city of Murmansk.

Methodology: Several scientific approaches are used: a deductive method based on building conceptual connections, and the analysis of AR and VR technologies applied in Murmansk, providing the understanding of the issue.

Research findings: It is shown how virtual and augmented reality technologies help to understand the architecture and culture of the past years, participate in the unique program at the current development stage. AR and VR are essential components that provide a revolutionary approach to the object design, helping engineers and architects to interact on a new level in their design activities. Virtual and augmented reality technologies allow immersing in a three-dimensional environment, simplifying the object visualization. Our research team works at design and implementation of AR and VR projects, expanding the boundaries of exclusive and innovative spaces.

The relevance of the work is determined by the major renovation of the building belonging to the cultural heritage of the federal significance. The building locates in Tomsk on 4, Solyanaya Sq. and uses some of the first monolithic reinforced concrete floors in Tomsk. The full survey is complicated by the fact that the building is in function.

Purpose: The aim is the full survey of monolithic reinforced concrete floors of the building.

Methodology: Measurements based on the interaction between the magnetic field and structural elements, the method of correlation dependence of shock pulse parameters on the elastoplastic properties of the material, limiting state method, the finite element method.

Research findings: The full survey is performed for monolithic reinforced concrete floors, geometric dimensions, strength analysis, and some reinforcement parameters are determined, and further operation of the building is evaluated.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to determine the stress-strain state of raft foundation split-level base of a massive concrete-steel building in linear and nonlinear formulation of the soil behavior with respect both and on the lateral surface of the at the foundation.

Methodology/approach: The stress-strain state of the split-level base as a layered material in the base–foundation–building system is performed by the finite element method using the verified software package Ing+ 2021 MicroFe.

Research findings: It is shown that in the constructively linearly/nonlinearly deformable earth foundation, its absolute displacements and relative difference in vertical displacements correspond to the service limit state.

The finiteness of fossil fuels, environmental damage from their combustion and increasing production costs promote acceleration of the global energy transfer to renewable energy sources and development of eco-friendly and resource-saving technologies. The vast Russian territory is permafrost or areas with seasonally frozen soils. Renewable energy sources are relevant for such territories, especially solar energy as the most affordable.

Purpose: The aim is to improve the hardware-software complex for energy saving and safe year-round operation of the hybrid solar hot water supply system.

Methodology: An experimental-industrial hybrid solar hot water supply system with four evacuated tubular collectors and a solar power plant with an installed capacity of 5 kW is used in the village Kaftanchikovo, Tomsk region, in the production workshop of NPO VEST.

Research findings: The full-scale experimental test is conducted for the hardware-software complex, the ability to ensure safe operation of the system with an energy-saving effect at night at temperatures below the freezing point of the coolant in the hydraulic circuit of the collectors is shown.

Value: It is shown that the use of the proposed hardware-software complex for a hybrid solar system with four evacuated collectors allows to minimize additional heat losses, which do not exceed 55.8 % of the heat loss of water passing through the walls of the storage tank.

In the production of ceramic materials and products, clinker ceramics leaves behind traditional ceramics in mechanical properties, durability and resistance to external influences. However, the production cost plays a crucial role in feasibility of clinker ceramics production, so the key task in the production chain is a selection of available local raw materials.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to study raw materials from the Siberian region and their testing to produce clinker ceramics. The paper describes the experience of using raw materials in the form of low-melting red-burning clay from the Voroninsky deposit, refractory lightburning clay from the Kailinsky deposit and mineral additive albitophyre for the clinker ceramics production.

Research findings: Raw materials properties are studied to obtain clinker ceramics with specific composition. Technological properties of mixture components and calcinated ceramics are determined. It is shown that calcination of mixture components (45 % of clay from Voroninsky deposit, 40 % of clay from Kailinsky deposit, 15 % of albitophyre) at 1100 °C for 8 hours, allows to produce clinker ceramic products with the ceramic body water absorption of 2.70 to 2.98 %.

This work studies and analyzes qualitative indicators of commodity and non-commodity products of forest chemistry in order to recommend them for using as modifiers of technological and operational properties of bitumen binders. This is one of many potential areas for a beneficial use of forest chemical residues. It is an example of technological conversion of timber processing products in the road construction industry.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to identify the possibility of using forest chemistry commercial products and their mixtures for further studying control for physical and mechanical parameters of road binders.

Methodology: A comparative analysis of thermal stability of both commodity and noncommodity products and their mixtures at different component ratio based on the thermogravimetric analysis.

Research findings: The potential use of residual products is confirmed for forest chemical processing, including their mixtures to correct technological and operating parameters of bituminous binders of various compositions.

The relevance of the study of clays from the Kornilovsky deposit (Tomsk Region) is due to the need to find alternative raw materials for industry that can replace imported or expensive materials such as chamotte-talc bricks SHTL-0.6. The use of local overburden can reduce the environmental burden and economic costs, and contribute to the development of regional production technologies.

Purpose: The comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties (chemical, mineral, granulometric composition, plasticity, fire resistance) of clays and evaluate their technological potential for the use in ceramic, construction, electrical engineering and petroleum industries. Comparison of the material characteristics with its analog (SHTL-0.6) to substantiate the competitiveness.

Research findings: It is shown that clays from the Kornilovsky deposit have the best parameters of water absorption, shrinkage and fire resistance that allows their use in the production of ceramics, lightweight building materials and thermal insulation components. Comparison with SHL-0.6 brick shows comparable or improved technical properties, including reduced density and increased heat resistance.

Value: The results confirm the feasibility of introducing clays into industry, which can contribute to the development of resource-saving technologies and the expansion of the region's raw material base.

The paper considers the development of coal mining closed-cycle technology in Kuzbass based on the example of the Zarechnaya mine operation in Polysaevo, Kemerovo region.

Purpose: Substantiation of some ways of utilising overburden rocks in construction technologies. Special attention is paid to theoretical and experimental substantiation of overburden waste utilization in construction.

Methodology: The emission spectral analysis using a spectrometer Grand with a multichannel analyzer of emission spectra; a derivatograph is used in these studies.

Research findings: It is shown that the overburden rocks are a combination of minerals from the main rocks of calcium, aluminum, magnesium, silicon and other elements. Based on physicochemical studies of the composition and structure of overburden rocks, methods are proposed for their processing into construction and composite materials for various technical purposes, made on the basis of mineral and organic binders.

Many research results testify to a 2–3 times increase in the dynamic load on the structural elements of transportation structures compared to static loads, including road and bridge pavements due to surface irregularities. The load-slab interaction is identified for the road pavement taking into account surface irregularities.

Purpose: The analysis of the vertical acceleration and vehicle speed effect on changes in dynamic characteristics.

Research findings: Additional dynamic loads, stresses and deformations due to dynamic load from random traffic flow are identified for the bridge elements.

In the context of digitalization in construction and design, the use of building information modeling (BIM) technologies is highly relevant. BIM enables comprehensive management of information about a capital construction facility at every stage of its lifecycle, minimizing clashes and reducing project timelines.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to analyze the problems of BIM application in the Russian practice of designing infrastructure facilities.

Methodology: Normative base analysis, statistical analysis of the BIM implementation, practical testing of BIM implementation tools in the project development of overpass reconstruction.

Research findings: The study considers stages of information model creation, coordination of design decisions and interaction of project participants. It is shown that the main problems of implementation in our country are the low level of maturity, insufficient elaboration of the regulatory and legal framework, digital competence of specialists and lack in integration between software products. At the initial stage of implementation, the use of BIM technologies in the project of overpass reconstruction does not allow reducing the design time, but reduces the number of collisions in the project by 30% compared to the traditional approach.

Practical implications: Research identifies, analyzes and describes the problems of BIM implementation in order to find further ways to solve them. Research findings can be used to develop strategies for implementing BIM at the state and corporate level, as well as to adapt educational programmes for training specialists. The article highlights the need for active development of information modelling technologies in Russia as a key tool for digital transformation of the construction industry.

Modern public transport is a key element of the urban structure, influencing the development of municipal territories. The development of passenger transport makes it possible

to create an alternative to personal transport, thereby reducing the road network congestion, which leads to a reduction in carbon dioxide emission, improves the environment in the city, and simplifies traffic movement around the city. Consideration of chronology of development of urban transport systems makes it possible to assess the reduction of the number of personal trips around the city and identify relevant trends.

Purpose: The aim is to study the Novosibirsk transport system, identify the main errors and difficulties during the entire evolution of passenger transport networks.

Research findings: Structuring information about the development of the Novosibirsk transport system, passenger traffic and rolling stock data in Novosibirsk, and mapping of doubling public transport routes to date.