Purpose: The aim of this work is to highlight issues relating to the introduction of new objects into the historical environment of Tomsk.

   Methodology/approach: Critical analysis of the scientific literature, comparative and analysis of architecture, system and structural analysis of information. A study of theoretical works of architects devoted to the urban architecture; assessment of architectural impact on a person; field research.

   Research findings: Key aspects are identified for the interaction between modern structures and objects of historical and architectural environment. The analysis is presented for the Tomsk development at the historical center.

   Practical implications: The possibility of using the obtained results in training of architecture students and in practical activity of architects. The application of new construction methods in the historical environment to Tomsk architecture.

   Intensive urbanization limits the available space for children, sphere of cognitive activity and contacts with the world. It is therefore necessary to create multifunctional outdoor playgrounds playing an important role in the physical and psychological development of children and adolescents as well as contribute to their social adaptation to the environment.

   Purpose: The study of modern approaches to and innovations in the design of children's playgrounds to create safe, diverse and appropriate play spaces.

   Methodology: The analysis of playground design trends, which includes the literature review and assessment of socio-cultural and environmental factors affecting the design and creation of modern playgrounds.

   Research findings: Key factors and methods are determined to create modern and safe playgrounds taking into account current needs and opinions of children, climatic conditions, and the importance of creating the natural and barrier-free environment for disabled children.

   Value: The paper studies the modern domestic and foreign experience in the design and construction of children's playgrounds, highlights the latest trends in their function and composition. The paper presents playgrounds for children (3–14 years), their improvement with respect to modern landscape elements and spatial structures.

   Due to the growing interest in the country's resources, including territories, it is worth paying attention to historical settlements, i. e., potential tourist, recreational, cultural objects, integral components of regional, group and district settlement systems, territories with cultural heritage objects. The article considers historical settlements in Kazan and Kama agglomerations of the Re-
public of Tatarstan.

   The purpose of the study is to determine the historical settlement position on the territory of these agglomerations.

   Research is based on practice, data from the state statistics service, cartographic materials, documents on territorial planning of the region, municipalities as part of agglomerations, field studies. Methods of analysis, historical and archival documents, cartographic analysis, field studies are applied. The functioning of historical settlements on the territory of Kazan and Kama agglomerations is investigated. The article defines problems and tasks of including historical settlements in the functional framework of the territory.

   Unique buildings reflect a social demand for innovative urban space organization, new perspectives of human activities, and growing need for a safe and favorable environment. Architectural design of unique buildings, especially at early stages, is complicated by uncertainty of functional tasks, absence of regulatory requirements, and necessity for significant modifications during the process. The design experience of stadiums for 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia shows the development of a productive creative idea. The development of this typology is identified by a comprehensive analysis of the architectural heritage and scientific literature. Requirements of international sports organizations for spatial and planning solutions of sports arenas are summarized herein, which form the basis of the Russian construction standardization. Recommendations are provided for the architectural concept preservation.

   The design relevance of the river boat station in the city of Rostov-on-Don is determined by the development of the left bank territories in the central part of the city, the need to solve transport problems (unloading of land routes), and recreational potential of the Don water area.

   Purpose: Identification of development principles of the architectural and planning model for the modern river transport facility in Rostov-on-Don.

   Research findings: Based on the world experience in design and construction of such facilities, the main design aspects are determined for river stations regarding their functional, planning, architectural, structural and regional factors.

   Value: The development of conceptual model of the modern river transport facility in Rostov-on-Don.

   Вывод: рассматриваемая автоматизирующая система позволит существенно сократить временные, человеческие и денежные ресурсы, требуемые для разработки проекта будущего здания.

Перенести в английский вариант

   Due to the high technology integrated into a person's daily life (smart house), this topic is relevant. One of elements of generative adversarial network is robot vacuum cleaners of various surface. Difficulties caused by this technique largely depend on the environment in which it locates.

   Purpose: The development of the convolutional neural network concept allowing real-time distinguishing between the building interior and exterior.

   Practical implication: The proposed intelligent system can distinguish between the building interior and exterior, that will considerably improve the firmware performance of modern technology in both the domestic and industrial segments.

   Spectral pyrometry of non-metallic materials under plasma heating, melting and cooling is used in nanotechnology, medicine, energy, metallurgy and other industries, where accurate temperature control is required during processing various materials.

   Purpose: The aim of this work is to create new spectral pyrometry technique for temperature measurement in difficult conditions of material processing and synthesis, such as plasma heating, melting and cooling of non-metallic materials.

   Methodology/approach: Small-sized spectrometers for diagnostics of heating, melting and cooling of the quartz target using the plasma jet. HPCS300 Mini Spectrometer with the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm is used to determine the color temperature of the reference radiation source and for fiber optic calibration. The STS-VIS Microspectrometer based on a 1024×1 element CCD photodetector array with the wavelength range of 350 to 800 nm is used to record the emission spectrum of the object.

   Research findings: Improvement of production processes, fuel and material cost reduction, increase in the efficiency of plants and equipment, reliability and quality improvement of the final product.

   Value: During the plasma jet and quartz target interaction, three stages are observed: surface deformation, stable temperature of heating, and cooling of the condensed material with phase-transition points of liquid–pyroplastic–solid states.

   The problem of energy saving is relevant nowadays. Great attention is especially paid to improving the energy efficiency of different building envelopes, since the heat consumption is a significant part of total costs for utility needs.

   Purpose: The aim of the paper is to study the state of the building envelopes nearby the outer corner.

   Research findings: Methods of reduction of the negative impact of the thermal bypass nearby the corner manifest themselves in condensation, mold, and subsequently lead to the envelope destruction. The use of insulated bevel edge leads to better results than that without insulation. But the minimum dew point temperature remains at corners and does not exceed 13.5 °C. Only in this case, the minimum dew point temperature moves to bevel edges.

   Value: The thermal bypass (outer corner) effect on the temperature field of its inner surface is studied. Three wall thicknesses are investigated: 510, 640, and 770 mm. It is shown that in all cases the corner temperature decreases below the dew point temperature.

   The modern system of water resource management is based on the principles of best available techniques (BAT) in economy and other activities. It implies rational use of natural resources, their protection from harmful effects, creation of the integrated system for the natural resource–economy system. Shortcomings of the economic regulation in water management can be overcome by intensifying the transition to technological regulation via BAT. At present, the first stage of the implementing this system in Russia is completed in the field of environmental protection to minimize the negative environmental impact, including water resource management. The paper analyzes practical activities of water users to assess its effectiveness for the years 2019–2021 on the example of the Tom river from Kemerovo to its mouth in the Tomsk region. Positive trends in water quality are described. The development of the water-ecological situation in the study area is predicted. The obtained results will allow optimizing the water use in the region.

   Purpose: The development of the Arctic settlements’ infrastructure is associated with the installation of the modern water supply and sanitation systems. Low air temperatures and permafrost soils significantly complicate the construction and operation of tanks designed for effluent collection and storage.

   Approach: For the effective energy saving, pre-design heat engineering calculations are conducted for effluent storage tanks with PPS thermal insulation.

   Research findings: Calculation techniques and results are compared, which served as a basis for the construction of calculation diagrams.

   Practical implications: The obtained dependences allow to rapidly and accurately determine the heat loss when the tank is completely or partially filled with water.

   Originality/value: This study will considerably facilitate the decision-making process at the design stage of facilities locating in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

   Barrette is a type of piles used in the construction of high-rise buildings on soft soils, as an additional option of bored piles. It is shown that the use of barrettes activates the search for new ways to improve the design quality of foundations, in particular the development of new calculation methods. The paper analyses the computational results of the interaction between long length barrette and subgrade soil at different excavation depths.

   Methodology: The numerical analysis combined with analogy; numerical simulation based on PLAXIS 3D geotechnical software for the elastic-plastic model of hard and soft soils. Comparison and analysis of numerical simulation data on the barrette interaction and bearing capacity.

   Findings: Data obtained for excavations of different depths are compared and analyzed. It is evident that piles with greater excavation depth in the considered soil conditions, always have greater bearing capacity and less settlement. The soil bearing capacity can be defined as the barrette load at 40 mm settlement by analogy with in-situ barrette tests. Based on the calculation results, load-settlement plots are given for loading at different excavation depth. It is shown that zones of plastic deformation appear on the lateral surface of the barrette, which is the reason for the settlement growth.

   Conclusion: The proposed computational model confirms the research results based on the state standard 22.13330.2016 " Building Foundations". The excavation depth affects both bearing capacity and vertical settlement of the barrette. Further research based on numerical calculations and experimental and theoretical data will allow to develop new calculation methods and increase the efficiency of design solutions.

   Clay soils are often found under building foundations, construction properties of which depend on many factors. One of them is the natural soil compaction, which is relevant in the construction classification of soils. This paper analyzes the relationship between the consistency and compaction of clay soils of different genesis and consistency using the Priklonskii soil compaction index. Water saturation of clay soil affects the relative discrepancy between the consistency coefficient and compaction index for soils of different genesis and consistency. It is noted that for soils with the water saturation coefficient lower than one, the consistency coefficient differs from the compaction index. This difference increases with decreasing water saturation coefficient. It is essential that significant differences can also appear when the water saturation coefficient is equal to 0.95 or more, approaching to unity. It is shown that the assessment of the natural compaction of clay soils should be based on their formation conditions. A study of various genetic types of clay soils affecting natural densification and consistency provides a reasonable approach to use of soil densification in the construction classification of soils.

   Purpose: The aim of the work is to provide a computational justification for the correct use of the linear/nonlinear deformation model of split-level foundation and criteria for transition to a pile foundation in a multi-storey building on a slope.

   Methodology: The finite-element model of stress-strain state of slab and pile foundations of the multi-storey building on a slope is developed by using MicroFe software package.

   Research findings: In calculating the split-level foundation using the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, the service limit state conditions in vertical displacements and slope are not satisfied, and it is not recommended to use the slab foundation. Thus, the slab foundation analysis with the use of only the linear deformable foundation model is insufficient. The pile operation in the presence of lateral earth pressure is characterized by the fact that the contour piles on the opposite slope side are significantly overloaded as compared with other piles. In addition, longitudinal forces of contour piles in the linear design, exceed the permissible calculated load on piles and the service limit state conditions are not thus satisfied.

   Originality: The nonlinear pile operation, when the longitudinal force in the pile is limited by the value corresponding to the permissible design load, allows the pile foundation to meet the service limit state conditions.

   Despite positive changes in the road construction associated with the implementation of national projects aimed at a significant increase in the qualitative and quantitative indicators of the road and transport infrastructure, the resource conservation, environmental protection and safety remain relevant due to insufficient attention to them.

   Purpose: The analysis of the relationship between quality indicators and environmental safety of the road in the sustainable development.

   Approach: Balance is considered between ecological, social, economic components of the road transport infrastructure. The integrated development of road construction should serve as a functional basis of this infrastructure at all stages of the life cycle: the road design, construction, operation.

   Research findings: The correspondence of the actual situation in regions to modern regulatory and legal documents and economic possibilities of their implementation is considered herein. The impact of construction and operational and technological means on the environment is shown for the road life cycle. It is shown that the road construction must be oriented towards the use of innovative development that improves the quality and safety of the road transport infrastructure while addressing issues of resource conservation and environmental management.

   The street and road network of large cities designed for 180–200 cars per 1000 people, does not meet modern requirements of convenience and safety of traffic flows and pedestrians. This problem is especially urgent for the local street-road network, since accidents occur at unregulated intersections.

   Purpose: The aim of the paper is to improve the traffic efficiency at unsignalized intersections of the local street-road network with the use of modern traffic calming methods.

   Methodology/approach: Statistical processing of the data on traffic accidents in Tomsk for the last 6 years. Brief description of mini-ring intersections in the world practice.

   Research findings: Statistical processing of data on traffic accidents in Tomsk shows that the greatest number of accidents with severe consequences is characteristic to the regions with historical buildings, large number of streets with significant tortuosity and limited visibility at unsignalized intersections. Traffic safety at unsignalized intersections can be addressed at no significant cost by using traffic calming techniques that are widely used around the world. Traffic calming measures reduce traffic speeds both at unsignalized intersections and cross-walks, schools and child care facilities. The effect of the method is achieved by visually and physically discouraging high speed driving at the required locations. In order to reduce the accident rate directly at intersections, the traffic pattern must be changed at the intersection, in particular, the diameter of mini-rings must be not over 4 m. The foreign experience in implementing mini-ring intersections convincingly proves their high efficiency as a means of improving traffic safety.

   Value: Calculation models for the capacity of unregulated intersections and mini-rings are analyzed. Recommendations are given to the application of traffic calming methods and miniring intersections in Tomsk.