The article is devoted to the creative heritage of Charles Rennie Mackintosh (1868–1928), the outstanding Scottish architect and Margaret MacDonald Macintosh (1865–1933), his wife, an artist-designer. Their life and main character traits which predetermined the choice of their future profession are considered. A brief overview is given to the main stages of their professional development. In the Glasgow School of arts they organized the famous creative group „The Four‟ which created a unique Glasgow style. They participated in international exhibitions of Art Nouvea, engaged in successful architectural and design practice including the development of unique geometrical pictures and Macintosh style furniture, floral and landscape paintings. The paper describes the tragic end of their creative career, departure from Glasgow, posthumous rehabilitation and international recognition. Their style preferences in the world architecture and design are shown as well specific features of their unique style. The article
presents three of the most famous design projects of the Macintosh spouses made in the tradition of Glasgow style. Here belong interiors of Cranston tea rooms, Hill House in Helensburgh, Scotland and Bassett-Lowke Northampton house. At present, many Macintoshes works are successfully restored, their museums and exhibitions are organized.

The paper is devoted to the formation of the architectural look of the city of Tomsk in line with the reflection of interests of local merchants who played a key role in the development of Siberian cities. The paper reviews the most significant objects of historical and cultural heritage, built to the order of the Kukhterins in the 19–20th centuries in the city of Tomsk. The architectural analysis of individual buildings illustrated by historical and modern photographs, archival and graphic materials, is performed. It is shown that owing to the Kukhterins and Lygin cooperation, bright public objects appeared in Tomsk. They possess memorable images and reflect the merchant approach to construction - qualitative, practical and beautiful.

The article reveals the main typological, space-planning, structural, stylistic and townplanning features of residential buildings of Novosibirsk designed by the Municipal Union of Housing Cooperative in the 1920s. The paper considers governmental measures conditioned by the housing crisis and requirements for reducing the housing construction costs. Fire-fighting, sanitary-hygienic and town-planning standards developed by the local authorities are explored. A detailed analysis is given to project documentation (drawings of plans, sections and facades) issued by the the Municipal Union of Housing Cooperative in the period under study.

The article deals with the historical background and the formation of Siberia – Krasnoyarsk urban agglomeration in the 20th and early 21st centuries. The factors that contributed to the growth of the Krasnoyarsk-city are shown as well as transformation stages of the neighbouring settlements. The results of design works and practical measures aimed at the formation of the planning structure of the Krasnoyarsk agglomeration are described for the period under review. It is shown that the analysis of identified regularities of the development of a large historical city at different stages is important not only for studying urban development trends, but also for modern project activities.

Relevance: Many of historical hotels in Russia were built late in the 19th and early 20th centuries and functioned as premium hotels. Today, many of them do not meet the requirements of international premium hotels. The reason is a lack of planned reconstruction, which decreases hotel star-rating, reputation and attractiveness. Purpose: The aim of this work is to suggest the relevant standards of premium room convenience, the reconstruction methodology of rooms in Metropol premium hotel, and highlighting little-known details of its history.

 Methodology/approach: The paper considers the problem of accommodation facilities on the home market and describes the history of grand hotels which are de luxe buildings. The analysis of Metropol Hotel includes its history and reconstruction works. The ideal room models are summarized in the table which also contains the up-to-date standards of room convenience, flow charts, and superior and executive suites. The idea is given to functioning of a number of unchanged bath- and bedrooms of minimum size. Ideal room models are created via a combination of unchanged units and data from compliance tables of room convenience. These models are connected with existing axes of the building. Since Metropol Hotel is included in the list of cultural heritage buildings of federal importance and allocates a range of protected things, the ideal room models should be modified. The proposed approach to the protection of valuable things utilizes such techniques as restoration, preservation and, sometimes,  reconstruction. 

Research findings: The high level of the room convenience in historical hotels of Russia can be provided by their reconstruction once every 15–20 years due to the constantly increasing standard requirements of the world. A methodology is proposed for the room reconstruction in historical hotels, which will allow designing a reconstruction project.

Practical implications: The proposed methodology can be readily used in reconstruction either of accommodation facilities or historical buildings in order to obtain premium hotels independently from their inclusion to the list of cultural heritage sites.

Originality/value: The reconstruction methodology and routes of modeling ideal hotel rooms are first suggested herein. They both employ a number of unchanged units and compliance tables of various room convenience.

The paper describes the main directions of non-metallic composite application in concrete reinforcement. The development routes of the structural analysis with composite reinforcement are formulated. The reinforced concrete structure combines the elastic reinforcement element with an adhesive composition having inelastic properties. It is shown that the structural reliability is ensured by adhesion of composite core reinforcement to the concrete. When performing external reinforcement of composite materials, it is necessary to ensure the joint operation of reinforcing elements and the main structure. Today, design methods of concrete structure reinforcement with composite materials do not take into account shear strains in the contact seam. Adhesion of composite material to concrete is indirectly assessed by introducing the service factor of composite material when its design resistance is assigned.

 Experimental studies concern concrete structures  reinforced by bent elements with external reinforcement made of various composite materials. Reinforced concrete beams with A500 and A600 class reinforcement are considered. Test beams are reinforced with fiberglass, coal and carbonates canvases. Some of test beams have U-shaped anchors at the ends and are made of composite materials. Reinforced beams fracture by different schemes: composite peeling due to the adhesive destruction in the area of formation of normal and inclined cracks, composite
peeling with the destruction of protective layer, composite rupture. A part of reinforced concrete beams before the reinforcement are cracked in the stretched zone. Cracks do not affect the load-bearing capacity of reinforced beams. 

This paper presents in situ investigations of the deformation field distribution during compression of cylindrical steel rods at meso and macroscale levels using digital image correlation. The distribution of localized deformation areas on the surface is studied during compressive tests of cylindrical steel rods at stages II and III. It is shown that the change in the deformation patterns on the surface during the compression of cylindrical steel rods correlates with the stress-strain curves and reflects the change in the deformation mechanisms. A study of the dynamic parameters of compressed cylindrical rods shows that with increasing compressive stresses a nonlinear increase is observed in the eigen-frequency of the samples, which correlates with stages on the deformation curve.

One of the directions of further building development and improvement is the creation of structures with a complex internal structure, i. e. combined sections made of various materials operating in a single construction. It is necessary to search for new engineering methods that take into account the behavior of such structures. Trigonometric functions of in ertia moments not only increase the efficiency of computations, especially for complex resistance, but also provide new approaches to the development of engineering methods of building calculation with a complex internal structure.

Objective: The aim of this work is to increase the calculation range for formulas of determining the ratios of inertia moments based on the transformation of trigonometric functions.

Results: A new application of inertia ratios is proposed for the use of trigonometric functions.

Practical implications: The results of theoretical studies can be used in the development of engineering methods for building calculations with a complex internal structure.

In radial water treatment filters technologies of filtering in the mode of the decreasing or increasing speeds of the movement of the cleared stream in the filtering material depending on the direction of filtering are realized. Constructive registration of radial filters allows to realize various options of the direction of filtering, decrease or increase in speed of filtering that allows to use as much as possible contaminant capacity of the filtering loading of water treatment filters. The main equations for calculation of technological and design data of the water treatment filters intended for preparation of underground waters, and also a technique of engineering calculation of radial filters with the decreasing filtering speed are given.

The paper presents results of research into plaster coating of brick walls in humid premises. It is found that the addition of black shale and waste from flotation gold extraction from ores in the amount of 10 % of the cement bulk, increases the structure formation and strength of mortars by 34 %. X-ray phase and differential thermal analyses show that the increase in the rate of structure formation of mortars is due to the interaction of hydraulically active ground black shale with portlandite accompanied by the formation of calcium hydrosilicates. In mortars with the black shale addition, 1–2 nm pores form, which explain the increased resistance of mortars to the effloresce formation on the surface of plaster coatings of brick walls.

Based on long-term corrosion tests of 17GS steel samples of the pipeline installed in various soils of the taiga-marsh region in the central part of Western Siberia, it is shown that in the absence of cathode protection, the corrosion rate ranges from 0.11 to 0.06 mm per year, i.e. 0.085 mm per year averagely. The residual corrosion rate of samples under the cathode protection ranges from 0.01 to 0.004 mm per year or the 0.007 mm per year averagely, when the air limiting current density exceeds the oxygen limiting current density by a factor of 3-7. A further increase in the current of cathode protection leads to the intensive hydrogen release. The actual measured values of the cathode protection current density at its potentials (with the resistive component) from –1.79 V to 3.5 V exceed the oxygen limiting current density by 30–50 or more times. It is experimentally shown that at a cathode current density  exceeding the density of oxygen limiting current by 54.43 times, the acceleration of hydrogen pressure reaches 0.007 MPa per day in a closed cavity at a 20 mm vacuum pressure. It is shown that the acceleration of hydrogen pressure in micro- and macro-cavities of the near-surface layer of the pipeline is not determinant. The advantageous embrittlement of cathode hydrogen is the reduction of cohesive strength of the near-surface layer of the pipe wall.

Construction materials manufactured with composite cement binders are characterized by shrinking deformation in the course of their hardening. The total deformation consists of three shrinkage types: contractional, humid and carbonizing. The analysis of crack propagation in building materials is important because its changes result in the reduction in the service life of building structures. Humid and carbonizing shrinkages are determined for various construction materials. It is found that contractional shrinkage of construction materials may significantly ex-ceed shrinking deformations which occur during material drying. Possible ways to decrease con-tractional shrinkage are considered. It is shown that one of the more effective ways to reduce shrinking deformations is forced carbonization of building mixes, especially at early stages of hardening.

The paper presents results of the study on the effect of naphthenic acid and its ester with polypropylene glycol on viscosity and fluidity of emulgated oils found in Apsheronneft deposits. It is shown that naphthenic acid in the amount of 200–500 g/t and the naphthenic acid ester in the amount of 20–80 g/t allows reducing the viscosity of emulgated oils to 25.0 % at low temperatures. With increasing temperature, the change in emulgated oil viscosity reduces due to the addition of chemical reagents. The treatment of the pipe surface with phosphoruscontaining polyester positively influences the emulsion flow.

The paper presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of thermal plasma heating and melting of agglomerated powder based on quartz sand screenings of the Tugan Deposit, Tomsk region, Russia. It is shown that phase transitions significantly affect the process of thermal plasma heating and melting of agglomerated powder, which can lead to unjustified heating of particles. The results of thermochemical processes due to heating are presented herein. It is found that the total concentration of phases subjected to evaporation at the initial stage, is rather small (0.13 wt.%). The model is proposed for the hollow particle formation from silicon dioxide agglomerates.

The paper presents data on the prevalence and service life of solid piers of railroad bridges of the Russian Railways. The dynamics of solid pier damages, the development of normative documents on assessing their technical conditions and durability, and methods of assessing the residual life of bridge structures are shown herein. Information on the threshold values of failure is also given. The residual life of the intermediate masonry support is analyzed and estimated using two standard techniques. Their similarities and differences are determined and their limitations are compared. Proposals are made to clarify the damage parameters described in the current normative document for assessing the technical condition of railway structures. For statistical data processing in relation to bridge damages and prediction of their development, a model is proposed on the basis of semi- Markovian process. Possible data sources for constructing such a model are indicated. An alternative model for estimating the reliability of bridge structures is shown.

The article provides information on how to comply with normalized indicators of asphalt concrete quality through the use of modified bitumen. The article deals with the problem of the road industry associated with the need to streamline the current regulatory field that reflects requirements for bitumen with various modifiers introduced into compositions. The paper describes the foreign and domestic experience in quality standardization of bitumen with additive modifiers.