The article is devoted to the creative heritage of Antoni Gaudí y Cornet, the outstanding Catalan architect. The reviewed two tenement houses were made according to his design, in the tradition of Neo-Gothic style, Baroque and Catalan art Nouveau. Town-planning aspects, spatial structure and design solutions of these houses are studied. A special attention is paid to the architectural and compositional decision of their facades and decorations, in which, along with secular and religious motives, some of bionic principles were implemented. In these projects, A. Gaudi have only just begun to form basic features of the unique creative style. He revealed them in his later projects of House Batlló and Casa Mila tenement houses in Barcelona.

 

This article is an attempt to formulate a method of semiological analysis of architectural objects with their symbolic content. The analysis uses the concept of “symbolic content” and the subsequent explanation of each item of this structure in relation to architectural objects.

 

Relevance: Many factors should be considered in documenting the urban development and comfortable urban environment. The most efficient approach to the formation of the planning structure should be based on a deep analysis of historically established spatial organization of the city and its prospective change. Purpose: The aim of this work is to study the Tomsk territory and determine the location of social centers in the context of its population distribution. Design/methodology/approach: Analytical and graphoanalytical methods are used in this study. Materials available on the Internet, including official statistical data, cartographic and information services, are used to analyze indicators of interest. Research findings: The population density map of the Tomsk-city is developed. The map shows the areas with the maximum and minimum indicators of the population density. Tomsk social centers and their location are identified and analyzed. The layout plan is proposed for Toms social centers. Conclusion: The suggested generalized scheme of the Tomsk-city population density and social centers ratio indicates the areas with the excessive concentration and insufficient availability of social centers. Practical implications: The obtained results can be used both for projecting new and reconstructing existing buildings in order to create a comfortable urban environment.

 

The paper presents results of field and theoretical research into the problem of visiting transport transfer hubs by disabled people. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the amount of disabled people, the classification of main population groups which visit the transport transfer hubs is suggested.

 

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to explore the transport component of the strategic role of the cities of Omsk and Novo-Nikolaevsk late in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Methodology/approach: In this study, archival and literary sources are used to determine the composition and the role of the strategic complex on the Great Siberian Railway. Research findings: It is shown that the strategic plans of the Russian Empire on the development of the transport facilities in the cities of Omsk and Novo-Nikolaevsk had an effect on their architecture. Practical implications: The results of this study can be applied in the further investigations on transport complexes in the cities of Omsk and Novokolayevsk. Originality/value: Research results show the development of the transport component of the cities of Omsk and NovoNikolaevsk during the First World War. The proposed schemes and studied archival materials describe the spatial and stylistic components of this complex.

 

Purpose: The aim of this paper is the use of proposed system of criteria influencing the optimum choice of space-planning and design concepts of low-rise construction. These criteria should increase the efficiency of investments, energy and resource saving, and convenience taking into account climatic zoning of the construction site. Methodology/approach: The optimum selection methodology is used in relation to space-planning and design concepts of low-rise construction. Research findings: The proposed methodology allows intensifying the development of low-rise construction on different type territories taking into account the climatic zoning of the construction site. Practical implications: These developments can be used for the implementation of investment and construction projects on lowrise construction on different type territories using a local storage of building materials. Value: The development of low-rise construction should be based on a system of scientific approaches which allow enhancing the energy efficiency, convenience, safety and economical effectiveness of low-rise construction.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to identify the architectural and planning specifics of country-side houses and the dynamics and intensity of the gardening development in the municipal areas of Novosibirsk and Rostov-on-Don. Methodology/approach: A graphical analysis of archival, project and cartographic data is used in these studies. Cadastral maps with the data on the boundaries of gardening partnerships, their number and areas are studied to consider the architectural and planning development of housing in the country-side areas taking into account regional conditions of Novosibirsk and Rostov-on-Don. Originality/value: Based on the retrospective analysis and factual data, the chronology is proposed, and a mechanism of the architectural and planning transformation is suggested for country-side houses in Novosibirsk and Rostov-on-Don regions.

The paper deals with calculating the plane axisymmetric elastic-plastic stress state of a heavy wall steel pipe under the uniform internal pressure. Two limiting states are applied to the pipe: elastic and plastic resistance of material for two values of the pressure limit. At the intermediate pressure, the cross-section of the pipe consists of two concentric annular zones, namely the inner the outer elastoplastic zones. Exhaustion of the load-bearing pipe capacity occurs when the elastoplastic deformation generated by the inner pipe surface reaches its outer surface. Therefore, the presence of the elastic deformation zone on external pipe surface does not lead to the structural failure.

Relevance: Investigation of dynamic parameters is significant for understanding and evaluation of the structural behavior and performance characteristics. The analysis of frequency responses obtained in field observations describes the structural behavior under external loads. A comparison of obtained results and theoretical calculations gives an idea of physical state of the structure and a possibility of predicting the structural behavior under changing external loads. Purpose: The aim of the paper is to determine causes of the structural vibrations in the bell-tower of Svyato-Voskresenskaya Church and evaluation of its technical condition. Design/methodology/approach: The values of dynamic parameters are obtained during the insitu measurements using a Remote Sensing Vibrometer RSV-150. The obtained results are processed with the VibSoft-20 package. Research findings: The dynamic parameters of the bell-tower structure are obtained in the form of the eigen-frequency spectra. Their analysis shows that the bell-tower was built with deficiencies which cause its vibrations. It is found that vibrations occur due to the insufficient rigidity of the bearing beam of the bell and anchorage of beam ends into the bell-tower masonry. Practical implications: The obtained results can be readily used for the adjustment of suspension systems of heavy bells and the technical inspection of structures based on the analysis of their dynamic parameters.

 

Relevance: Significance of renovation processes in the housing sector as a basis for the formation of quality and comfortable residential environment for population. The destruction of the system of preventive current repairs of housing stock and the limited financing of renovation processes in this area lead to a catastrophic increase in the wear and tear of residence buildings. In this connection, there is an increasing need to find the most effective mechanism for financing the housing stock renovation via the additional assets and increase in the population's contribution to capital repairs. Purpose: Theoretical substantiation and development of the approach to capital repair financing mechanism based on systematization and generalization of the Russian and foreign experience and approbation of proposals on the example of the Tomsk region. The aim is to study the major repair experience in the Tomsk region to identify the main problems that limit the formation of a quality housing space; analyze the best foreign experience in the implementation of housing renovation projects and identification of promising tools and methods that can be used to adapt to the Russian reality; take measures for the formation of alternative sources of capital repair financing; approve the proposed activities using statistical materials on the example of the capital repair program on apartment buildings in the Tomsk region. Approach/methodology: The methodology utilizes general and specific scientific methods. We use methods of systematization and generalization of scientific approaches, structural and comparative analysis and synthesis, which help to identify effective tools for implementing renovation in the housing sector. Graphical interpretation of the analytical results and statistical methods of data processing are used to analyze the existing situation in the Tomsk region. Using methods of structural grouping we determine regularities and characteristic properties of the objects studied. The analysis of the foreign experience in financing the renovation of the housing stock assists in identification of the most advanced practices in this area. A study of practical aspects of the Russian realities shows capital repair reformation over the past few years has not been able to provide a significant reduction in the number of residence buildings to be repaired. The lack of financing is a major barrier for capital repairs. Research findings: The author proposes to create a reserve fund and increase the contribution to capital repairs. The calculation results show that the additional financing will reduce the number of buildings which need in capital repair. Practical implications: The proposed approach can be used to increase the amount of capital repair of residence buildings and provide the opportunity of forming the quality residential environment which will meet the standards of social convenience.

The presents the strength analysis of reinforced concrete elements under combined action of the axial load, flexure moment and torque using the strength ratio between strength and crack resistance. The limit values for these parameters are detected. Experimental results describe the propagation of deformations in the concrete and reinforcement, crack formation, fracture, bearing capacity and deformability of test specimens. The algorithm and the structural analysis technique are proposed for the conditions of the joint effect of the axial load, flexure moment and torque. The diagrams are suggested for the calculation results

Purpose: The aim of this work is computer simulation of the dynamic strength of masonry fragment under impact load of various intensity and contact angles. Design/methodology/ approach: Numerical calculations are performed on the RANET-3 software package allowing 3D simulation of impact, explosion and powerful radiation using the finite element analysis oriented towards the solution of dynamical problems. Stress states of masonry are studied in its interacting with the weight drop at different time points. Research findings: A mathematical model is proposed to simulate the impact interaction between the masonry fragment and a 1000 kg weight drop. The fracture of masonry is shown due to the impact load of various intensity and contact angles of 0, 30 and 45 degrees. Practical implications: The obtained results can be readily used in design and reconstruction of rooms in civil buildings into protective shelters and other civil defense buildings. Value: SNiP 88.13330.2014 ‗Civil defense buildings‘ is being currently revised, and the mathematical simulation of the dynamic fracture of masonry due to the impact load are therefore rather relevant.

The paper presents the on-line computation of heating parameters for engineering design and control for winter concreting taking into consideration actual weather conditions and heat exchange. The authors propose a software for the implementation of this method available to ordinary users. As a result, during winter concreting the quality and energy consumption increase.

To date, there is no single methodology confirmed by the operational experience and approved at the federal level of estimating the residual life of reinforced concrete superstructures of railway bridges. The paper provides an overview of Russian and foreign regulatory documents to determine the durability of reinforced concrete bridge construction. The paper presents data on malfunctions of reinforced concrete superstructures which affect their capacity and durability. Over the past 30 years, Russian and foreign scientists have conducted extensive research into the residual life and proposed various methods. Shortcomings and advantages of these methods are analyzed. Based on the study of the operational experience and existing approaches, a methodology is proposed for estimating the residual life of construction, which considers malfunctions, operating history, climatic factor, and allows determining the probability of changing the technical state of the construction by several scenarios. The process of changing conditions is random. For predicting conditions and calculating indicators of the structural reliability of and its elements, a model based on the semi-Markov process is used. Data sources for reliability models are obtained from observations of the technical state of construction or mathematical models of the malfunction development. The residual life of reinforced concrete superstructures is determined in the event of the reinforcement corrosion. This methodology corresponds to the modern approach, as well as the Russian regulatory documents and implements the concept of operation and maintenance of artificial construction accepted by the Russian railway network.

 

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to consider advantages and shortcomings of widespread CAD systems used in the bridgework analysis for design, inspection and testing. The CAD system efficiency is estimated in inspecting and testing the bridge in the Tomsk-city. Design/methodology/approach: The creation of a general-purpose tool for handling the information model and making calculations without a loss of engineering data during their export and import. Up-do-date CAD systems based on the finite element methods are used in this study, namely such popular design and engineering software as LIRA CAD and MIDAS Civil. Research findings: Based on the research results we found that a general-purpose CAD system doesn't exist today. CAD systems are not still ready for building information modeling (BIM) due to the lack in the defect detection during the service life. Therefore, the obtained results of the CAD system analysis are correct only at a design stage. Practical implications: This approach can be used to create a building information model and a general-purpose software package which will provide the appropriate data transfer without losses. Value: Nowadays, there is no a general-purpose CAD system which would utilize BIM technologies for simplifying engineering works at bridge structures during their lifetime.

The paper proposes a theoretical model of the hot bridgework pavement for glaze prevention. Geomesh with a nanocomposite layer between the asphalt concrete pavement layers is used as a heater. The calculation methodology is suggested to solve the heat engineering problem using the thermal conductivity differential equations at constant physical parameters and different boundary conditions.