The pertinence of the study of bionic architecture is substantiated by escalating interest in establishing a harmonious, nature-oriented approach to the building design. 

Purpose: The aim of the work is to conduct a comprehensive review of extent research and methodologies pertaining to bionic shapes, their implementation, and evaluation of their beneficial impact on wind effects. The article discusses general concepts of implementing "natural rules" and adapting shapes to the building functions to minimize the impact of negative factors, including wind loads, using mathematical models. 

Methodology: The analysis of bionic systems as prototypes for the design implementation of buildings; study of modern embodiments of bionic trends. 

Research findings: A comprehensive definition of bionics in architecture and design, delineates the trajectory of complex building shapes and presents examples of implementation of bionic architecture. 

Value: Research into bionic shapes facilitates the development of knowledge concerning the creation of a comfortable environment and generation of innovative solutions for new design. The obtained results provide more comprehensive perception of design, evoking widespread interest and driving innovative knowledge.

Youth Centres are important platforms for cultural exchange, social integration and the development of civic engagement among young people.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze a contemporary architectural design for Youth Centres in Russia. The paper emphasizes the importance of taking the local identity into account in designing Youth Centres, space flexibility and participation of young people in the creation of such centres.

Research findings: The paper identifies the key principles of architecture and planning for the creation of multifunctional Youth Centres that meet the requirements of the modern society and contribute to the cultivation of patriotism and the cultural development of the country.

Special attention is currently paid to the development of the modern educational environment. The important role in this process belongs to an architect, who creates a material and spatial environment for it. However, in practice, a number of problems arise relating to the need to study the architecture of universities, regulatory control, and innovative solutions that best meet, and sometimes reasonably outstrip, the social needs. 

Purpose: The purpose of the work is to develop provisions for making changes to the current joint venture.

Value: Conclusions are drawn about promising research fields and methodological support for designers.

The relevance of the cultural center for Southern Federal University is determined by the need to organize students’ creative activities. Southern Federal University is a major scientific and educational center of Russia. Geographically, it locates in two cities, has a large number of academic buildings for different faculties, and enrolls more than 30,000 students. Such a significant educational institution requires its own cultural center.

The main task of this Cultural Center is to create an environment where academic knowledge intersects with creativity. The cultural center becomes a testing ground for the future: the interaction between humans and machines. The society needs specialists with a high level of creative activity, and the cultural center plays a key role in fostering it, creating an environment for the development of creative thinking and broad perspectives.

Purpose: Development of a cultural center project for the implementation and organization of SFedU events, with a focus on the specific tasks of the university.

Methodology: The study of international experience in cultural center design in three main areas: urban planning, functional, and spatial-planning.

Research findings: The designed building volume fits harmoniously the structure of the block: in Bolshaya Sadovaya Street, the composition of the historical development is preserved, while in Suvorova Street, insolation standards are taken into account and the permissible height is determined. The design is characterized by an atrium-gallery running through the entire building. The cultural center is distinguished by modern, multifunctional planning solutions.

The relevance of this work is determined by the need for understanding a transfer and adaptation of Western European modernist principles to the foreign cultural environment.

Le Corbusier's creative legacy in India, particularly his projects in Ahmedabad, represents a unique example of the synthesis of international style and local building traditions and a response to challenges of an extreme tropical climate.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to comprehensively analyze architectural and design solutions of four key Le Corbusier buildings in Ahmedabad (1951–1957): the Mill Owners' Association building, the Shodhan and Sarabhai villas, and the Sanskar Kendra Museum in order to identify a strategy for adapting his method to the socio-cultural and natural aspects of the region.

Research findings: The paper identifies and systematizes Le Corbusier's key architectural techniques that integrate European modernist innovations into Indian architectural practice. It is proven that Le Corbusier's Ahmedabad buildings not only embody his five principles of new architecture, but also serve as a laboratory for developing architectural strategies relevant to the entire tropical zone.

The relevance of the study is due to the lack of systematic development of facilities that ensure the quality and effectiveness of Russian sports, which are medical rehabilitation centers for athletes. To create a scientifically based typology and build architectural and typological models of rehabilitation centers, a set of factors is proposed that influence the formation of their architectural and planning structure. The dependence of these factors from each other is analyzed, which contribute to the formation of priority and unique architectural and typological models of rehabilitation centers for athletes.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to identify factors influencing the architectural and planning organization of rehabilitation centers for athletes by systematizing architectural and non-architectural aspects of design. 

Methodology: The integrated approach to identifying the formation of architectural typology of medical rehabilitation centers for athletes. Classification is used to systematize external and internal factors and identify relationships between them.

Research findings: The identified non-architectural and architectural factors influence the formation of the architectural typology and planning organization of rehabilitation centers. Further identification of the most productive options for the interaction of these factors generates a variety of typological models of centers.

Practical implications: The results can be used at all development stages of the architectural concept of sports rehabilitation centers. 

Value: Interpretation of architectural and non-architectural factors influencing the formation of a relatively new and little studied architectural and typological facility, i.e., medical rehabilitation centers for athletes.

Purpose: The paper analyzes two Siberian cities: Omsk and Novokuznetsk in the in the chronological period 1917-2024, based on the criteria for the territory sustainable development combined with the integral typology of B. S. Khorev, the methodology for assessing the quality of the urban environment proposed by the Ministry of Construction. 

Methodology: Theoretical aspects of urbanization, comparative, cartographic and temporal analysis, and systematization and structuring methods; the factorial analysis of the development of the cities. 

Research findings: Alarming trends in Siberia, such as depopulation, a shortage of qualified personnel, and a deteriorating environmental situation are identified herein. It is found that the most important aspects necessary for comfortable living conditions in the city are not rapidly developed. Preservation of the natural landscape hinders the implementation of projects on the improvement of transport and environmental conditions in accordance with master plans. The most important aspects for creating a comfortable urban environment are safety, comfort and environmental friendliness.

Practical implications: The study of the urbanization process and the analysis f the urban environment in Siberian cities make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of national projects and identify problematic aspects in the development of settlements. The obtained results can have a significant impact on urban development in Russia. 

The article deals with the arrangement of wooden stairs in historical buildings of the Russian Empire and Tomsk late in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The analysis is based on books and albums with drawings of civil engineers and architects, published late in the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as on examples of real buildings of the City of Tomsk.

Purpose: The aim of the article is to study design solutions of wooden staircases.

Theoretical significance: Identification of design of wooden staircases in Tomsk houses in the 19-20th centuries and introduction of previously unpublished data in the scientific turnover.

Practical implications: The obtained results can be used in training architects and restoration engineers. 

Value: Identification and generalization of documents on construction of wooden staircases in the indicated time period, a comparative analysis of typical solutions used in the Russian empire for staircases in Tomsk houses of the same period of construction.

Contemporary city develops not only through formal planning but also spontaneous architectural forms, such as symbiotic architecture—unauthorized extensions and add-ons that become stable elements of the urban environment. Under conditions of managerial inertia and social pressure, these structures fulfill important functions and reflect the city capacity for self-organization. In post-Soviet cities, including those in Azerbaijan, this phenomenon remains understudied.

Purpose: The aim is to identify the reasons for the emergence of symbiotic architecture, its functions and significance as a form of urban adaptation and examine its role within informal urbanism with a focus on the post-Soviet time.

Methodology: Architectural theory, urban studies, spatial sociology, and urban economics (including research by M. Serra, J. Friedman, F. Rahma). The comparative analysis, visual typology, spatial observation, and contextual interpretation. Empirical data are used on cities in Asia, Latin America, Europe, and the post-Soviet space, including Moscow, Baku, and Istanbul.

Research findings: Key typologies of symbiotic architecture are identified by spatial positioning, function (residential, commercial, social), and legalization. It is shown that such architecture emerges in response to shortages of infrastructure, housing, and economic opportunities, becoming an adaptive element of the urban environment. Examples from Moscow and other cities demonstrate how these structures may either integrate into the urban fabric or be subject to removal.

Value: Symbiotic architecture serves as an indicator of the urban system’s resilience under conditions of inefficient planning. It represents a form of survival architecture and may contribute to reorganization of urban space. Rather than being categorically dismissed, it is regarded as a potential resource for sustainable and inclusive urban development, especially in transitional societies and context of spatial scarcity.

Design and calculation of steel concrete beams on yielding supports under dynamic loading requires considering the development of the thrust reaction that can lead to a significant increase in the bearing capacity and crack resistance of beams with yielding supports, which reduce the intensity of dynamic loading. 

Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze the positive effectiveness of installing yielding supports in thrust conditionally flexible beams under intense dynamic loading. 

Methodology: The strength analysis of steel concrete beams at conditionally elastic deformation with thrust on yielding supports under the dynamic load. Numerical results are based on this method. 

Research findings: It is confirmed that the strength of flexible steel concrete beams with thrust directly depends on flexibility in the vertical direction. 

Value: The effectiveness is shown for yielding supports in flexible steel concrete structures with thrust under short-term dynamic loading.

This paper analyzes the integration of artificial intelligence with current technologies. Possibilities and methods of integration with modern innovations are revealed in the paper according to the studied and analyzed information from scientific sources around the world. The result of integration and possibilities of further development are demonstrated. A detailed description is provided for disadvantages and advantages of applying innovative technologies with integrated artificial intelligence in the construction industry. This paper familiarizes both the scientific community and the civilian population with opportunities and development prospects of construction industry through the introduction of artificial intelligence technology.

Relevance: the study of current and effective technologies that have proven themselves with a positive side in the construction industry. Analysis of their implementation and use in modern realities.

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to study the currently demanded technologies in the world construction utilizing artificial intelligence, consider in detail the efficiency of its use in economy, preservation of ecology and natural resources, ensuring safe labor activity, the possibility of further modernization and development with the provision of both disadvantages and advantages.

Methodology: A study of scientific literature, research papers, Internet sources, private channels and opinions of active enthusiasts interested in and working on the implementation and development of innovative technologies.

Research findings: The introduction and use of modern technologies in the construction industry is outlined, advantages and disadvantages of innovations are described. Basic concepts of modern technologies, their essence and demand in the world are studied, the necessity of their application and exploitation is described. 

Purpose: The aim of this work is to calculate the required level of reinforcement of ski-jump metal structures under reconstruction in order to provide its referenced strength/stability and rigidity.

Methodology/approach: The stress-strain state of the ski-jump structure and its real strength properties is performed by the finite element method using the verified software package Ing+ 2021 MicroFe.

Research findings: The ski-jump rigidity is improved by reinforcement of bottom chords using tensile steel flexible cables with the certain tension force. The strength analyses are given to a changed stress-strain state of strengthened structures and ski-jump elements.

Maintenance of the best parameters of the indoor temperature is possible with properly selected heat insulation that provides both the required heat transfer resistance and thermal inertia indicators of building envelopes. This, in turn, reduces the energy consumption of buildings, energy costs and helps to protect the environment from additional harmful emissions.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to obtain actual thermal properties and compare them with the standard data in order to evaluate the real effectiveness of heat insulating materials for buildings.

Research findings: The properties of materials are determined in both steady-state and quasisteady-state thermal conditions using laboratory methods and theoretical studies. The analysis of the laboratory tests of the wall fragment shows a significant difference between the experimentally determined thermal conductivity coefficient and its theoretically calculated value. This difference is explained by inaccurate normative data used to convert the thermal conductivity coefficient from a dry state to the calculated value that accounts for the operational humidity. For basalt wool, the deviation is 44%, and for extruded polystyrene foam, it is 19 %. Theoretical calculations demonstrate good agreement with the experimental data obtained using the 2D calculation model and laboratory test results for basalt wool and extruded polystyrene foam under steady-state and quasi-steady-state thermal conditions. This agreement allows to successfully verify the developed theoretical model. The advantage of the theoretical approach is the ability to analyze not only 2D structures, but also more complex enclosing structures containing heatconducting inclusions.

Value: The analysis of the heat flow dynamics in the model of the outer building corner shows the advantages of using extruded polystyrene foam as thermal insulation. Under quasisteady-state thermal conditions, the structure with extruded polystyrene foam demonstrates more stable temperature indicators throughout its thickness compared to the similar structure insulated with basalt wool. This leads to a reduction in the number of temperature transition cycles through zero for materials inside the building envelope, which has a positive effect on their durability and reliability.

The relevance of this study is due to the increasing importance of saving natural resources and, accordingly, their lower consumption. The growing need for thermal energy can be solved through the use of alternative energy sources. The article considers the application of the heat pump system in an individual residential building in Perm. Legislative documents substantiating the use of alternative and renewable energy are presented.

Purpose: The analysis of the data obtained for parameter monitoring of the heat pump system and consideration of the efficiency of using it in Perm.

Research findings: The analysis of the heat pump system application is provided for Russia and other countries. The obtained parameters of monitoring the heat pump system are presented and analyzed. Based on the results, the efficiency of using the heat pump system in winter is assessed. With respect to climatic conditions, the economic evaluation is conducted for the geothermal heating system in the building in comparison with other most common analogs. The payback period is calculated for the heating system with a heat pump. Factors influencing the long-term operation of the heat pump in the heating system are considered herein.

This article studies the compaction of clay soils. Clay soils are often used as building foundations. However, such a use is complicated by their specific properties, namely the dependence of structural properties, particularly deformation patterns and strength, on the compaction degree. Compaction is one of the most important properties of clay soil, largely determining its behavior under load. Compaction can be used as a classification indicator, as well as for preliminary assessment and prediction of the soil behavior under various stress-strain conditions. As is known, the compaction of clay soils is influenced by various factors: occurrence depth, sediment and clay composition, environment and compaction conditions. 

Purpose: The aim of this work is to refine the compaction classification of clay soils with the possibility of using for practical purposes.

Methodology: The article analyzes the dependence of average density of dry soils on the natural moisture content in genetic soil types. 

Research findings: The current classification of clay soils is refined, depending on the dry soil density. The obtained dry soil density dependence ρ_d = f (W_e) determines the boundaries of W_e, ρ_d for certain genetic soil types. 

Relevance. One of the key criteria for the use of wood in construction is its resistance to adverse factors. Most often, wood protection is provided using special impregnations or coatings, but their effectiveness is limited by their service life and operating conditions. As an alternative, it is proposed to consider the wood surface treatment with low-temperature plasma. In order to expand the scope and range of processed products, it is necessary to provide control for the surface properties of wood construction products in the plasma treatment process. To solve this problem, it is necessary to determine the effect of processing parameters on wood surface properties. 

Purpose: The aim of the work is to determine the surface properties of pine wood construction materials depending on the parameters of plasma treatment. 

Research findings: Based on the results of theoretical calculations, it is found that the specific heat flow and processing speed affect the processing depth of building materials made of wood, which can affect the surface properties. According to tests, water permeability decreases and bio-resistance of wood grows with increasing processing depth. Thus, with a specific heat flux of 1.2·106 W/m² and processing speed of 12 cm/s, the water permeability of the samples is 2.8 ± 0.1 cm³/h, bio-resistance is 4 points, while at the processing speed (longer exposure time) reduced to 3 cm/s other constant parameters being constant, the water permeability is 1.5 ± 0.1 cm³/h, and the bio-resistance is 1 point.

Value: The results obtained reflect the possibility of control for surface properties of wood construction products during plasma treatment.

In recent decades, global practice has tightened requirements for the quality of building materials, and especially for their environmental safety. For cement and cement compositions, this problem is associated with a decrease in the chromium content, which belongs to highly hazardous compounds. From the environmental point of view, the greatest danger is hexavalent chromium Cr(VI), especially water-soluble, which is a carcinogenic product by its chemical nature, causing disruption of the immune system. 

Purpose: The aim is to select a dechromator dosage in the weight, reducing the content of water-soluble chromium (Cr⁶⁺) in Portland cement used for chrysotile cement products to a standardized value not over 0.0002% and compare additives from two different companies. 

Methodology: At the first stage of laboratory tests, Portland cement clinker and additives are ground together in a Retsch RM200 laboratory mortar mill. The second stage involves joint grinding of Portland cement clinker, gypsum and additives in a laboratory drum mill MBL.

Research findings: Additives of dechromators are proposed by companies OOO “Sintez OKA-Stroitelnaya Khimiya” and MC-Bauchemie. The samples of both companies show a positive effect on the concentration decrease of water-soluble chromium (Cr6+) in Portland cement used in the production of chrysotile cement products.

The relevance of research on metamaterials is driven by the need to create materials with fundamentally new properties not found in nature. The ability to exhibit anomalous mechanical characteristics opens up opportunities for breakthrough applications in various industries. The development of metamaterials based on intelligent alloys, particularly titanium nickelide with a shape memory effect, enables the creation of structures that combine unique geometry with functionality, which is especially in demand for next-generation implants, energyabsorbing systems, and adaptive mechanical components.

Purpose: To investigate the mechanical properties of structures made of titanium nickelidebased alloy with a shape memory effect, exhibiting both positive and negative Poisson's ratio values, as elements of metamaterial structures.

Methodology: The experiment involved compression tests of two types of wire structures made of Ti-51 at. % Ni alloy.

Research findings: It was found that, depending on the structure, the samples exhibited both positive and negative Poisson's ratios. The deformation curves showed almost complete shape recovery of both structures after load removal, which was confirmed experimentally. 

The use of road profilometers is currently the main tool to measure the longitudinal flatness of road pavements in accordance with standards. Measurement methods of road pavement flatness using profilometers fundamentally differ from those based on leveling.

Purpose: The purpose of the work is to compare measurements of road flatness with profilometers and the amplitude method.

Methodology/approach: Comparative analysis, profilometer based measurement, curvimeter based measurement. The curvimeter "Rovnost" is used to measure elevation marks, unevenness amplitude and length, and data conversion into integral indicators in accordance with the requirements.

The difference between these methods lies in measuring the amplitude and length of irregularities, as well as in the work organization, preparation for measurements and their implementation, accuracy and stability of measurement results. Factors affecting the measurement accuracy also fundamentally differ.

Each profilometer requires calibration. Calibration compares the data obtained by the profilometer with the data of short-step geometric leveling, and calculates the scale factor. The scale factor considers all characteristics of vehicles and calibration conditions. When these conditions change during measurements, it is theoretically possible to take into account the changes in the scale factor, but it is difficult in practice.

The main limitation of short-step leveling is its high labor intensity. This method can be used in large volumes when solving the problem of automating the leveling process.

Research findings: The proposed device provides short-step leveling in the automatic mode at a step of 5 to 15 cm and measurement accuracy of height increments of 1 mm. The curvimeter "Rovnost" is used for flatness measurements. External factors do not have a significant effect on the measurement accuracy of the "Rovnost" curvimeter.

The problem of reducing the aging intensity of asphalt concrete pavements, which determines periods between repairs and road durability, is becoming increasingly urgent. Organic binders in bitumen-mineral compositions (BMC) start ageing already during their manufacture. This process occurs throughout the entire life cycle of asphalt concrete. Complex physicochemical transformations occur first of all, in adsorption-solvation films of bitumen on the grain surface of mineral materials. Further polymerization of oil binder components is accompanied by an increase in their molecular weight in the following order: oils → resins → asphaltenes. It is proposed to call the increase in the asphaltene concentration asphaltene genesis. This term means a decrease in the content of low-molecular fractions and an increase in high-molecular fractions; growth in viscosity of bitumen films, increase in their brittleness at negative temperatures and, as a consequence, increase in the crack formation, destruction of road surface even before the service life established by standards. It is proposed to estimate the degree of asphaltene by the quantity of paramagnetic centers in BMC.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to study the BMC ageing under the influence of natural and climatic factors by control the content of asphaltenes in the structural layer. Since asphaltenes are one hundred percent concentrate of paramagnetic centers, the intensity of the asphaltene formation can be estimated by changes in the concentration of paramagnetic centers. Thus, the concentration of paramagnetic centers in the BMC can act as an indirect indicator of BMC aging.

Methodology/approach: Granite and limestone were used as mineral components. BND 90/130 bitumen served as a binder, while polyamide fibres acted as dispersed reinforcement and crude oil from the Pervomaisky field (Tomsk Region) served as an adsorbate. Changes in the concentration of paramagnetic centres in BMC samples were evaluated using the EPR method on a RADIOPAN SE/X-25-44 device with ruby rods.

Research findings: The surface modification of mineral materials is shown during the BMC preparation by an introduction of polymer dispersed reinforcement in the BMC composition from sections of processed chemical fibers impregnated with oil products. The proposed solution allows decreasing the intensity of asphaltene formation, and, consequently, aging of bitumenmineral compositions.

The article addresses the reliability and cost-effectiveness of road pavements during their design, construction, and operation. The relevance of the study is due to the need to optimize the balance between reliability and economy under resource constraints and quality requirements for roads. 

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a design approach for flexible pavements that ensures a specified level of reliability with minimum costs.

Methodology: The probabilistic method takes into account a random nature of the pavement strength coefficient and its influence on operational characteristics, including travel speed.

Research findings: A relationship is established between pavement evenness, structural strength, and resulting travel speed. A mathematical model is proposed to determine the best pavement parameters based on minimizing life-cycle costs while maintaining the required level of reliability. 

Practical implications: The obtained results prove the selected design solutions considering both operational performance and economic efficiency.

Value: The importance of integrating reliability assessment and cost analysis is emphasized for all stages of the road life cycle to improve the overall efficiency of the road construction and maintenance.