Architecture of Medical and Health Complexes Depending on their Classification

Abstract

The relevance of this study stems from the gap between the outdated regulatory framework, traditional medical classification, and modern market diversity of medical and health facilities. This discrepancy leads to a chaotic architectural typology and a lack of relevant architectural planning requirements.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to develop a comprehensive classification to systematize the diversity of medical and health facilities, enabling the development of flexible and functionally adapted architectural solutions for medical and health facilities.

Methodology/approach: The analysis of regulatory documents, scientific approaches to classification, and Russian and international experience in the design of health and wellness facilities. The general concept of health and wellness complex is introduced along with a multiparameter classification that includes a variety of features that address contemporary challenges in medicine, health tourism, management, and architecture. Comparative and morphological analyses and object systematization are used with the classification tested on the reconstruction of the “Nauka” sanatorium into the Swissotel Resort Sochi Kamelia (a comparison of parameters before and after).

Research findings: The influence of each classification parameter on the space-planning solution of buildings is identified. The developed classification is tested using a sanatorium transformation as an example, clearly demonstrating changes in architectural and functional characteristics. The proposed approach allows for a transition from outdated standard models to the creation of flexible, cost-effective, and customized health and wellness complexes incorporating medical, recreational, and hotel functions.