The paper is devoted to composition features of the traditional Chinese garden. The terms of his appearance in the 12th century B.C. are considered as well as philosophical principles of landscape art (including three principles of the universal harmony of Taoist Feng Shui studies), eight major principles of garden art in China. The situational chart, general layout of garden (its connection to the natural landscape), three types of landscape (frightening, laughing and romantic) are described herein. The functional-planning structure of Chinese garden and review methods of important specific points (views) are estimated. The basic composition elements of farmstead garden (buildings, stones, water sources, plants, small architectural forms) are considered in the paper. Some of the statements of this work are confirmed by Chinese scientists, philosophers, and specialists in the field of painting and landscape art.

The paper presents the research experience of leading Russian architects of early 19^th century, which identifies a search for conceptual guidelines and design solutions when forming the ideological and aesthetic alternatives in relation to classic architectural and artistic culture. It is shown that this professional experience has been initially associated with legacy of the Russian church architecture of the late medieval period (16-17^th centuries). However, further research was carried out into the stylistic diversity of not only Old Russian, but also byzantine and West European architecture.

The paper presents research into design and construction of scientific- experimental grain state farms combined with a large grain enterprise, trade school, and research institution engaged in testing agricultural machinery and scientific labor management on the territory of the Rostov region. Characteristic features are described for spatial planning and architecture of grain farms in the end of the 1920s and early 1930s of the past century. In the paper, archival photos are used never published before.

The paper presents the analysis of architectural-planning and compositional features of sculpture parks, their high social efficiency is described in terms of creative self-organization of the population. A place of sculpture parks is indicated in the typology of evolutionary forms of landscape. The understanding of creative properties of sculpture parks is based on the materials of international symposiums. Sculpture parks are also considered as objects of synthesis of plastic arts that most democratically meet the challenges of postmodernism.

The paper presents research results on the long-term deep seasonal soil freezing and heaving that has an effect on the structural deformation of half-finished pile foundation buildings in West Siberia. The instrumental examination and static calculations are given to the spatial system of such buildings. The investigation of the five-story residential building in the Novosibirsk region shows that perennial soil freezing occurs in the basement leading to pile break due to soil heaving. Subsequent foundation soil thawing reduces the bearing capacity of the piles due to deterioration of construction properties of thawing soils. The investigation of flight detachment building in the Tomsk airport shows that the maximum values of soil freezing and heaving are achieved in the central part of basements, that leads to the nonuniform deformation of building structures. Practical recommendations are suggested for diagnostics, assessment and forecasting changes in technical conditions of buildings.

This paper presents experimental results obtained for axial, eccentric tension and shear tests for steel/carbon fiber adhesive bonding using VIC-3D digital optical system. A change of deformation isofields in the surface layers of the samples is shown in this paper. The correlation is detected between the stages on the deformation curves and evolution patterns of spatial structural elements. It is shown that spatial structural elements change from chaotic at the elastic stage to local at elastoplastic stage of deformation.

The paper presents investigations of carrying capacity and deformability of carbon fiber-reinforced masonry subjected to static load. The behavior of fiber-reinforced masonry is described as well as the improvement of the carrying capacity of the composite material layers. The dependences are constructed for the bearing capacity of reinforced masonry samples.

The article presents of experimental and theoretical results on reinforced concrete structures subjected to bending with torsion under dynamic load. The relevance of this research is justified by the lack of experimental and theoretical data and a methodology for calculating these structures. The methodology of experimental research is given and methods are developed for determining the parameters characterizing bending with torsion. New data on the behavior of reinforced concrete structures under dynamic loading are presented in the paper. A high-speed camera makes possible to trace the formation of spatial section and cracking. The analysis of experimental results shows that this occurs when the longitudinal reinforcement reaches the yield strength. A method for calculating bending with torsion under dynamic loading is proposed based on the determination of equivalent stresses in the longitudinal reinforcement and comparing them with the maximum stress value corresponding to the development of plastic deformations in reinforcing steel. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental.

The paper presents experimental and calculation analysis of deformation and fracture processes in masonry specimen made of four common loam bricks joined by the cement-sand grout. The dynamic load test of masonry is carried out on the pile driver using 197-500 kg hammer dropping from 1-2 m height. The mathematical model of the dynamic strength is implemented using the RANET-3 software package allowing 3D simulation of impact and explosion problems using the finite element analysis.

The paper presents research results on the utilization of alumo-silicate wastes of oil-extracting industry for the production of ceramic products. Mechanical-and-physical properties of obtained specimens are detected. Specimens fabricated form the mixture of clay and alumo-silicate wastes possess 14-16 MPa compressive strength and can be used as construction materials. Investigations of the phase composition show that anorthite and mullite compositions are formed in the obtained specimens which improve the mechanical-and-physical properties of ceramic products.

The paper proposes a gas supply scheme based on liquefied petroleum gas with natural regasification equipped with a soil heat exchanger. This scheme provides a free-hydrate reduction of the vapor phase before its supply to gas-based units. The heat exchange process of the soil heat exchanger is studied in this paper. The proposed soil heat exchanger will provide overheating of the vapor phase of liquefied petroleum gas and avoid the formation of hydrates in pressure-sensitive detectors during vapor throttling.

The paper deals with properties of natural water in northern Siberia, such as colour owing to a high concentration of humic substances, iron and manganese which exceed the standard values. Also, natural water in northern Siberia is high in silicon compounds and low in hardness salts and possesses low salinity and alkalinity. Such a combination of water properties makes impossible to produce high-quality drinking water using the traditional treatment technologies. The paper proposes a treatment technology which allows the production of the high-quality water from natural resources high in iron and manganese. A combined use of oxidation, mineralization, coagulation and filtration systems allows eliminating undesirable ingredients from water and enriching it with calcium and magnesium in the amount satisfying the criteria of physiological relevance. The implementation of this technology will improve the water quality in northern Siberia and create convenient conditions in regions without the centralized water supply.

The paper deals with the provision and operation of municipal stations for accumulation and separation of solid waste with a view to reduce a negative impact on the environment, including land resources. It is shown that a calculation methodology is required for the parameters of waste accumulation and separation as a constituent of the procedure for their putting into operation and decommissioning. Equations are derived for the calculation of capacity, areas for waste accumulation and separation, and the number of automobile transports.

The paper deals with the implementation of combined piled-raft foundation (CPRF) with the intermediate layer in a high-rise building in the Krasnodar-city. Such buildings are widely used in big cities of the Krasnodar region. Thus, the systems approach is required to choose the type of foundations and its technology. Calculation and design methods are suggested for CPRF construction and its efficiency is assessed. Also, the results of geoengineering monitoring are given for the deformation process observed in combined piled-raft foundation.

The paper presents possible variants of using principles of alternativeness in bridge design. The principle of alternative design including architectural transformations in the assessment of bridge structures is based on the identification of a set of assessment criteria. Alternativeness tends to organize a creative design procedure taking into account the architectural requirements. This design procedure should include a critical component of proposed solutions which leads to an adequate proposed scenario and the object functioning. In this conditions, compositional and structural variants are considered together with mutually exclusive differences.

The paper is devoted to the optimization of hydraulic excavator implements. Optimization is performed using the APM WinMachine CAD system. The load application to the excavator implements is based on the strength and kinematic analysis of the excavator operation. The strength analysis is conducted for each design position, and the dependence is constructed for the maximum equivalent stress in cross-sections of the excavator assembly components due to the angle of the arm rotation that provides the optimization of the excavator implements.