TERRITORIAL CLUSTER IN URBAN PLANNING OF RUSSIA
https://doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-4-22-34
Abstract
The modern stage of world technological development is characterized by high rates of qualitative and quantitative growth in all branches of production activity. This becomes possible with the introduction of innovations not only directly in the production, but also in all spheres of life, including a search for and solution of new approaches to spatial organization and planning of the territory development. There are special territorial clusters, the organizational structure of which allows to implement the required conditions and rates of development. They are characterized not only by a set of elements for the industrial development, such as the production, science, education and infrastructure, but also close relationships and innovation. This is the only way to ensure the functioning of territorial education and modern industrial development. The uniqueness of each cluster element is determined by the industrial requirements. Nevertheless, their location in the city depends on the urban zoning, facilities and prospective areas. Depending on the spatial organization of the cluster elements, they can be monolithic and dispersed and locate both inside the city and at periphery. In any case, these four types of clusters and their development determine the urban planning. The cluster types reveal not only functional, but also territorial structure. It is this aspect that makes it possible to comprehensively and fully characterize the new territorial formation in the field of urban planning.
Purpose: The aim of the paper is to show the specificity of the new territorial formation and identify its planning types that have an impact on urban planning in Russia.
Methodology: Analysis of the literature containing information about the cluster (scientific papers, research results, analytical data and reports, regulatory sources, including design guidance).
Research findings: Four planning types of the territorial cluster are identified. The planning types of clusters covering all possible options in territorial planning are defined, regardless of their specialization and size.
About the Authors
Y. I. TarasovaRussian Federation
Yuliya I. Tarasova - Ms, A/Professor
38, Krasnyi Ave., 630099, Novosibirsk
A. V. Kinsht
Russian Federation
Aleksandr V. Kinsht - DSc, Professor
38, Krasnyi Ave., 630099, Novosibirsk
References
1. Tarasova Y.I., Kinsht A.V. Klaster kak strukturnaya edinisa territorial'no-prostranstvennoi organizatsii sredy v Rossii [Cluster as a structural unit of territory spatial organization in Russia]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta – Journal of Construction and Architecture. 2018. V. 20. No. 6. Pp. 66–74. (rus)
2. Porter M.E. Location, competition, and economic development: Local clusters in a global economy. Economic Development Quarterly. 2000. No. 14 (1). Pp. 15–34.
3. Porter M., Ketels Ch., Del'gado M., Bryden R. Konkurentosposobnost' na rasput'e: napravleniya razvitiya rossiiskoi ekonomiki [Competitiveness at the crossroads: Choosing the future di- rection of the Russian economy]. Moscow: Tsentr strategicheskikh razrabotok. 2007. 114 p. (transl. from Engl.)
4. Bocharov Y.P., Kudryavtsev O.K. Planirovochnaya struktura sovremennogo goroda [Planning structure of the modern city]. Moscow: Stroiizdat, 1972. 164 p. (rus)
5. K 80-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya Aleksandra Grigor'evicha Granberga: Uchenyi, Uchitel', Ch elovek [The 80-year anniversary of the scientist and teacher Aleksandr Granberg]. V.I. Suslov, S.A. Suspitsyn, Eds. Novosibirsk, 2016. 324 p. (rus)
6. Filippova M.G. Analiz sovremennogo sostoyaniya i razvitiya promyshlennosti Rossii v period realizatsii federal'noi klasternoi politiki [Analysis of the current state and development of Ru ssian industry during the implementation of the Federal cluster policy]. Molodoi uchenyi. 2013. No. 11. Pp. 495–500. (rus)
7. Proizvodstvennaya i innovatsionnaya infrastruktura Rossii [Production and innovation infrastructure of Russia]. Available: https://www.ey.com/ru/ru/industries/real-estate/ey-russia-industrial-andinnovation-infrastructure-innovative-regional-clusters; Industrial'nye parki [Industrial parks]: https://www.ey.com/ru/ru/industries/real-estate/ey-russia-industrial-and-innovation-infrastructure-industrial-parks; Tekhnoparki i biznes-inkubatory [Technology parks and business incubators]: https://www.ey.com/ru/ru/industries/real-estate/ey-russia-industrial-and-innovation-infrastructure-technoparks-and-business-incubators (accessed July 27, 2017). (rus)
8. Razlichiya industrial'nykh parkov i tekhnoparkov [Differences between industrial parks and technoparks] Available: https://russiaindustrialpark.ru/article/razlichiya-industrialnyh-parkovi-tehnoparkov (accessed August 13, 2017). (rus)
9. Gokhberg L.M., Shadrin A.E. (Eds.) Pilotnye innovatsionnye territorial'nye klastery v Rossiiskoi Federatsii [Pilot innovative territorial clusters in the Russian Federation]. Moscow: National Research University Higher School of Economics, 2013. 108 p. (rus)
10. Kinsht A.V. Ekologicheskie aspekty territorial'nogo zonirovaniya. Problemy preobrazovaniya sredy zhiznedeyatel'nosti [Ecological aspects of urban development zoning. transformation of living environment]. Vestnik of Tomsk State University of Architecture and Building. 2017. No. 6. Pp. 41–49. (rus)
11. Yanshina F.T. Evolyutsiya vzglyadov V.I. Vernadskogo na biosferu i razvitie ucheniya o noosfere [Evolution of Vernadsky's views on biosphere and the development of noosphere doctrine]. Moscow: Nauka, 1996. (rus)
12. Karta klasterov Rossii [Map of Russian clusters]. Available: http://clusters.monocore.ru (accessed May 25, 2019). (rus)
13. Zelenograd. Available: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Зеленоград (accessed May 23, 2019); https://www.technounity.ru/klaster/ (accessed May 25, 2019). (rus)
14. Chernogolovka. Available: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Черноголовка (accessed May 23, 2019), http://chgcity.ru (accessed May 25, 2019). (rus)
Review
For citations:
Tarasova Y.I., Kinsht A.V. TERRITORIAL CLUSTER IN URBAN PLANNING OF RUSSIA. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture. 2019;21(4):22-34. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-4-22-34