Secondary use of recovered bitumen from waste roll materials

The article discusses current issues of recycling bitumen components from waste roofing materials due to an urgent need to minimize the environmental impact and provide cost-effective use of natural resources. The study is driven by the significant role of bituminous materials in the construction industry and their disposal after the end of their service life, including the environmental threat from waste accumulation and loss of original properties of materials caused by the ultraviolet radiation, temperature changes and humidity.

Purpose: The aim of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of bitumen recovery methods utilizing various organic solvents. Special emphasis is placed on the chemical method characterized by the use of active chemical components to dissolve and extract bitumen, such as technical kerosene, trichlorethylene, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. For comparison, a bitumen sample is thermally extracted from roofing felt without exposure to solvents.

Methodology/approach: The analysis of polarity of organic solvents and their ability to dissolve certain groups of hydrocarbons, which made it possible to selectively change the bitumen chemical composition. Liquid adsorption chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry techniques are used to determine changes in the composition and thermal properties of bitumen, respectively.

Research findings: Changes in the concentration of hydrocarbon groups in bitumen under the influence of solvents affect physicochemical properties of the material, that opens up prospects for its reuse in construction and road coating production. Changes in heat flow observed during the DSC analysis, allow optimizing the properties of the extracted bitumen and improve the efficiency of its application.

Practical implications: The possibility is shown for integrating recovered bitumen waste in the production cycle, which leads to a reduction in the need for primary resources and environmental burden from waste disposal, contributing to the sustainable development of the construction industry.

1. Antonova I.I., Massarova G.I. Disposal of waste waterproofing materials based on bitumen. Nasledie V.I. Vernadskogo i sovremennye problemy ekologii. 2023; 1 (1):179−182. (In Russian)

2. Krasnovskikh M.P. Prospects for thermochemical recycling of multicomponent and contaminated polymer waste. Transport. Transportnye sooruzheniya. Ekologiya. 2023; (3): 50−58. (In Russian)

3. Miftakhov M.N. The problem of recycling bitumen waste. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie i tekhnicheskie sistemy: issledovanie, proektirovanie, optimizatsiya. 2017; 1 (74): 14−22. (In Russian)

4. Sagdeeva G.S., Patrakova G.R. Recycling industrial and consumer waste using their resource potential. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2014; 17 (6): 194–198. (In Russian)

5. Ermolaev D.V., Mingaleeva G.R. Thermal decomposition of asphaltenes in natural bitumen. Vestnik Tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2015; 18 (12): 27−31. (In Russian)

6. Piskunov I.V., Belokon N.Yu., Glagoleva O.F. Bitumen production from residues of visbreaking and deasphalting processes. Trudy Rossiiskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta nefti i gaza imeni I.M. Gubkina. 2021; 2 (303): 83−95. (In Russian)

7. Piskunov I.V., Belokon N.Yu., Glagoleva O.F. Production of bituminous materials from oil residues and secondary resources. Neft'. Gaz. Novatsii. 2021; (6): 67−71. (In Russian)

8. Bolden J., Abu-Lebdeh T., Fini E. Utilization of recycled and waste materials in various construction applications. American Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2013; 9: 4−24.

9. Cremiato R., Mastellone M.L., Tagliaferri C., Zaccariello L., Lettieri P. Environmental impact of municipal solid waste management using Life Cycle Assessment: The effect of anaerobic digestion, materials recovery, and secondary fuels production. Renewable Energy. 2018; 124: 180−188.

10. Aziz M.M.A., Rahman M.T., Hainin M.R., Bakar W.A. An overview on alternative binders for flexible pavement. Construction and Building Materials. 2015; 84: 315−319.

11. Mashaan N.S., Ali A.H., Karim M.R., Abdelaziz M. A review on using crumb rubber in reinforcement of asphalt pavement. Scientific World Journal. 2014; doi:10.1155/2014/214612

12. Garcia J., Hansen K. HMA Mix Type Selection Guide. Information Series 128. National Asphalt Pavement Association: Lanham MD, USA, 2001.

13. Adhikari B., De D., Maiti S. Reclamation and recycling of waste rubber. Progress in Polymer Science. 2000; 25 (7): 909–948.

14. Merdrignac I., Espinat D. Physicochemical characterization of petroleum fractions: the state of the art. Oil and Gas Science and Technology. 2007; 62 (1): 7–32.

15. Claudy P., Letoffe J. M., King G.N., Planche J.P., Brule B. Characterization of paving asphalts by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Fuel Science and Technology International. 1991; 9 (1): 71–92.

16. Karpov G.N. Roofing waste requires industrial processing. Vestnik OGU. 2003; (5): 144−147. (In Russian)

17. Khaliulina L.E. Recycling of waste roofing materials. Dostizheniya nauki i obrazovaniya. 2018; 17 (39): 9−11. (In Russian)

18. Asadullina Z.U., Ismagilov S.A., Yakovlev V.V. Technical, economic and environmental advantages of environmental technology. Bashkirskii khimicheskii zhurnal. 2012; (2): 74−77. (In Russian)

19. Shepovalov P.P., Shtyka O., Elubay M.A. Application of heavily recyclable waste during construction material production. Nauka i tekhnika Kazakhstana. 2022; (3): 160−167. (In Russian)

20. Dronov S.V., Gadzhieva A.Kh. Application of roofing bitumen-containing waste in the production of bitumen composite materials. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnologicheskogo instituta. 2019; 49 (75): 36−39. (In Russian)

21. Shashmarkina A.E., Sakhibgareev I.R., Kayukova G.P., Romanov G.V. Technogenic oil formations in the environment as additional source of hydrocarbon raw materials. Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta. 2011; (9): 208−213. (In Russian)

22. Walker I.D., Colwell R.R., Petrakis L. The rate of microIogical degradation of components of crude oils. Canadian Journal of Microbiology. 1976; 22 (8): 1209−1213.

23. Medeiros P.M., Bicego M.C. Investigation of natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbon inputs in sediments using geochemical markers. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2004; (49): 892−899.

24. Moldovan J.M. Application of biological marker technology to bioremediation of refinery byproducts. Energy Fuels. 1995; (9): 155−162.

25. Chainea C.H., Morel J.L., Oudot J. Land treatment of oil-based drill cuttings in an agricultural soil. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1996; 25 (4): 858−867.

26. Shevtsov S.A., Kargashilov D.V., Zhivotyagin I.A. Environmentally friendly, fireproof and energy-efficient technology for processing bitumen-containing waste. Ekologiya promyshlennogo proizvodstva. 2020; (1): 2−5. (In Russian)

27. Shevtsov S.A., Kargashilov D.V., Shutkin A.N. Fire and explosion safe technology of storage and regasification of liquefied petroleum gas. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering. 2018; 54 (1−2): 38−40.

28. Radeef H.R., Hassan N.A., Abidin A.R. Enhanced dry process method for modified asphalt containing plastic waste. Frontiers in Materials. 2021; 8: 1−14.

29. Shestakov N.I., Chertes K.L., Khokhlova N.V., Urkhanova L.A. Biopositive technologies for handling bitumen-containing construction waste. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Stroitel'stvo. 2022; 9 (765): 27−38. (In Russian)

30. Khokhlova N.V., Shestakov N.I., Fedosov S.V., Titova I.I., Syachinova N.V. Features of changes in bitumen during the recovery process. Stroitel'nye materialy. 2023. (7): 67−72. (In Russian)