The influence of homogeneity of chemical and mineralogical composition of raw mixes on strength properties of Portland clinker

Factors affecting the clinker strength are of great interest. The implementation of the dry process attracts attention to the homogeneity of the chemical and mineralogical composition of raw mixes.

Purpose: One of the main factors affecting the clinker hydraulic activity is the homogeneity of its chemical and mineralogical compositions. The aim of this work is to study clinkers prepared by different production methods in furnaces using wet and dry processes.

Methodology: X-ray fluorescence analysis of chemical composition of mixes; X-ray powder diffraction analysis of clinker mineralogical composition; petrographic analysis of clinker microstructure;

Research findings: The clinker structure obtained in drying furnaces is glomeroblastic. Minerals mostly generate clusters alternating with each other. Clinker crystallization is mediumcrystalline, unequigranular. Alite and belite can form both individual grains and aggregates.

Research findings: The chemical composition heterogeneity of raw mixes directly affects the clinker mineralogical composition of microstructure, that has a significant impact on its hydraulic activity.

1. Boikova A.I. Chemistry, structure and properties of clinkers. In: Proc. Int. Sci. Conf. ‘Present and Future Science and Technology of Silicate Materials’, Moscow, 2003. V. 1. Pp. 107–126. (In Russian)

2. Kalyuzhnov I.V., Nurakov E.S. Increase in clinker activity at the Bukhtarma Cement Plant. In: Proc. Int. Sci. Conf. of Young Scientists. Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, 2015. Pp. 202–207. (In Russian)

3. Klassen V.K., Mikhin A.S. Analysis of changes in clinker activity at AO "Sebryakovcement". Fundamental'nye issledovaniya. 2006; (2): 90–91. (In Russian)

4. Kozlova V.K., Grigoriev V.G., Malova E.Yu., Bozhok E.V., Manuilov E.V. Physicochemical analysis of phase composition and microstructure of clinkers. Tsement i ego primenenie. 2013; (3): 34–38. (In Russian)

5. Krutilin A.A., Krapchetova T.V., Inkova N.A., Pakhomova O.K. Structure influence of Portland cement clinker on its hydraulic activity. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturnostroitel'nogo universiteta – Journal of Construction and Architecture. 2022; 24 (4): 139–152. (In Russian)

6. Kulyaev P.V., Sizov Yu.V. Particle size and cement and additive effect on mechanical properties of mortars and concrete. In: Proc. 5th Int. Sci. Conf. ‘Innovations and Modeling in Materials Science in Construction and Land Management’. 2021. Pp. 91–99. (In Russian)

7. Malova E.Yu., Manuilov E.V., Kozlova V.K., Manokha A.M., Wolf A.V. Combined method of analysis of clinker mineralogical composition. Polzunovsky vestnik. 2011; (1): 79–83. (In Russian)

8. Nikitina M.A., Erygina A.O., Timoshenko T.I. Optimization of raw mix composition at the Serebryansky Cement Plant. Stroitel'nye materialy i izdeliya. 2018; 1 (4): 13–20. (In Russian)

9. Andreeva N.A. Chemistry of cement and binders. Saint-Petersburg, 2011. 67 p. (In Russian)

10. Kuznetsova T.V., Kudryashov I.V., Timashev V.V. Physical chemistry of binding materials. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 1989. 384 p. (In Russian)

11. Luginina I.G. Chemistry and chemical technology of inorganic binding materials. Part 1. Belgorod, 2004. 239 p. (In Russian)

12. Shein A.L. Optimization of dispersion and chemical composition of raw mix in low energyintensive clinker production. PhD Abstract. Moscow, 1994. 10 p. (In Russian)

13. Pereskok S.A. Intensification of clinker burning using dry and combined processes. PhD Abstract. Belgorod, 2007. 19 p. (In Russian)

14. Boikova A.I. X-ray microanalysis in cement chemistry. Stroitel'nye materialy. 2007; (3): 79–84. (In Russian)

15. Boikova A.I. Clinker composition mineralogy and practical significance. In: Proc. 20th AllRussian Meeting of Laboratory Heads of Cement Plants. Moscow, 2002. Pp. 165–172. (In Russian)

16. Taylor H.F.W. Cement chemistry. Moscow: Mir, 1996. 560 p. (Russian translation)

17. Usov B.A. Chemistry and technology of cement. Moscow, 2015. 158 p. (In Russian)

18. Shmitko E.I., Krylova A.V., Shatalova V.V. Chemistry of cement and binders. Saint-Petersburg: Prospect nauki, 2006. 205 p. (In Russian)